PARTICIPANT OBSERVATIONS Definitions The word participant observation was derived from the word participate and observe‚ which means the researcher using participant observation will participate and observe at the same time of the group being studied‚ in which it was historically associated with ethnography. Participant Observation was created during late 19th century as an ethnographic field method for the study of small‚ homogeneous cultures (Tedlock‚ 2009‚ in Denzin and Lincoln‚ 2009). It is
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w w w e tr .X STANDARDS BOOKLET FOR AS/A LEVEL SOCIOLOGY (9699) m eP e ap .c rs om CONTENTS PAGE Introduction Questions and Responses Paper 9699/1 Paper 9699/2 Paper 9699/3 Appendix 1: Question Papers and Mark Schemes Paper 9699/1 Paper 9699/2 Paper 9699/3 Appendix 2: Advice to Students for the Examination 2 5 19 28 58 66 76 95 1 INTRODUCTION This booklet contains answers written by A Level Sociology candidates during the June 2005 examination session. The answers have
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In Research All sociological research methods involve observation‚ however‚ participant observations is defined by when the researcher themselves participates in the activities of those he or she is observing and studying. Hughes (1976)‚ describes participant observation as‚ ’ When the researcher becomes part of a daily round‚ learning languages and meanings‚ rules of impersonal‚ relations... and in short‚ living the life of the people under study.’ 1 Participant observations come in two forms‚ overt
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Examine the ways in which practical‚ ethical and theoretical factors may influence sociologist’s choice of research methods. Practical‚ ethical and theoretical issues are extremely important when deciding a research method because; certain issues may lead to unuseful information because a certain practical‚ ethical or theoretical issue can affect the results It can be argued that ethical issues need to be considered because they may cause psychological harm‚ for example in Milgrams study‚ his participants
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Statement of thesis Throughout “Participant Observation” the author explains the importance of participant observation and the trials faced by many ethnographers. Dewalt & Dewalt expound upon this by stating what basic elements and attitudes are needed to do participant research effectively. This reading shows how observers face ethical dilemmas‚ gender disadvantages‚ family and safety issues‚ and‚ most importantly‚ limits to participation. How far are they willing to go to gather information
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“People Watching” Participant Observation Activity Questions and Assignment Description You may observe people in any public place where there are a lot of people. Please observe for at least 30 minutes. Some examples include: malls‚ plazas‚ parking lots‚ campuses‚ gas stations‚ office buildings‚ restaurants‚ or anywhere else that’s public. During the observation session‚ write down your notes (see questions below)‚ and then after the session write up a one page reaction paper to your experience
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Sociologists use different types of questionnaires in their research‚ these ranging close ended questions and open ended questions. Close ended gives the respondent a guide upon what there answer should be and directs them to a certain decision it tends to take more control of the answer‚ whereas open ended questions give the respondent more free choice and arguably this seems more ethical. Some Sociologists believe that the data form questionnaires can be limited and superficial. This is due
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Introduction All methods involve observation‚ but participant observation is characterized by the extent to which its advocates insist on observation and interpretation of a situation‚ informed by an understanding of the situation from the point of view of the participants rather than the observer. An attempt is made to avoid imposing categories from outside. Participant observation is the method of anthropology‚ although it is used in a wide range of sociological studies when the researcher has ’become
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Assess the strengths and limitations for using participant observation to study truancy There are many strengths and limitations for using participant observation to study truancy. Truancy is defined as an unauthorised absence from school. Sociologists may want to investigate why truancy occurs‚ what anti-school subcultures are more likely to truant and what effect truancy has on pupils’ future careers or achievements. Participant observation is where the researcher takes part in the event that
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ESSAY What are some obstacles you may face as a teacher‚ and according to the context in this unit‚ how can you overcome these? Throughout their careers‚ teachers face many obstacles in their classroom that may hinder their teaching. These obstacles come in many different shapes and sizes. It is the effective and successful teacher who is able to overcome these obstacles while maintaining a happy‚ positive and joyful attitude. A teacher must remember that it is not the information they possess along
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