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The net domestic product (NDP) equals the gross domestic product (GDP) minus depreciation on a country’s capital goods. Net domestic product accounts for capital that has been consumed over the year in the form of housing‚ vehicle‚ or machinery deterioration. The depreciation accounted for is often referred to as "capital consumption allowance" and represents the amount of capital that would be needed to replace those depreciated assets. If the country is not able to replace the capital stock lost
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VEHICLE RECALLS: AN EXAMPLE OF PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT PROCESS FAILURE? NICK OLIVER1‚ HILARY BATES2‚ MATTHIAS HOLWEG1 and MICHAEL LEWIS3 1 Judge Institute of Management‚ University of Cambridge‚ UK‚ n.oliver@jims.cam.ac.uk‚ m.holweg@jims.cam.ac.uk 2 Warwick Business School‚ University of Warwick‚ UK‚ Hilary.Bates@wbs.ac.uk 3 School of Management‚ University of Bath‚ Bath BA2 7AY‚ UK‚ m.a.lewis@bath.ac.uk ABSTRACT This paper explores the relationship between trends in product development processes
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2 IBM: An industry example of a transition from product to service base 2.1 Brief history of IBM and story of its downward spiral IBM stands for “International Business Machine” and was incorporated in 1924 focusing on delivering ‘products’ in the form of punch tabulated machine until it became the biggest and most successful business PC and mainframe manufacturer in world circa 1980’s. At this time IBM stock price once shot up until USD43 per unit [1]. However by the end of 80’s‚ the software
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is “functional product”‚ and what is “innovative product?” We can use the nature of product demand to classify whether a product is a functional product or an innovative product. With different product characters‚ supply chain management method that managers should choose will also be varied. Functional products are products that people buy in wide range of retail outlets‚ and those products have more stable and predictable demand‚ as well as long life cycles. For example‚ most of kitchen
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& Keller buttress this point by emphasizing that the firm must decide where to position its product on quality and price (Kotler & Keller‚ 2009‚ p.423). The internal factors affecting pricing include price objective‚ demand‚ cost‚ competitor’s price and offer‚ and pricing method. These internal factors can be further explained when considering the pricing of a hypothetical new specialized electronic product. • Pricing Objective – The clearer the firm’s objective‚ the easier it is to set price
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What Is a Product Mix? by Rick Suttle‚ Demand Media Product mix‚ also known as product assortment‚ refers to the total number of product lines that a company offers to its customers. For example‚ a small company may sell multiple lines of products. Sometimes‚ these product lines are fairly similar‚ such as dish washing liquid and bar soap‚ which are used for cleaning and use similar technologies. Other times‚ the product lines are vastly different‚ such as diapers and razors. The four dimensions
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Chapter 10 – Products and Services for Consumers Discussion Questions 1. Define the following terms and show their significance to international marketing: Product diffusion Innovation Product Component Model Green marketing Quality Homologation Global brands 1. Debate the issue of global versus adapted products for the international market. A recurring debate exists relative to product planning and focuses on the question of standardized products marketed worldwide versus differentiated
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PRODUCT LIFE CYCLE CONCEPT OF PRODUCTS LIFECYCLE (ELEMENTARY KNOWLEDGE) Product Life Cycle Definition by Philip Kotler: "An attempt to recognise distinct stages in the sales history of the product " PLC concept implies: Products have a limited life. Product sales pass through distinct stages with each stage posing Challenges/Opportunities/ Problems. Profits rise/fall during different stages of product life cycle. Products require different marketing/manufacturing./ finance/ purchase/ HR
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proposition. Examples- a) Mahindra & Mahindra positioned their SUV Scorpio to life style oriented consumers. b) Indica by Tata Motors for small car consumers who want a more spacious vehicle. c) Domino’s Pizza for convenience-minded pizza lovers . Benefits being delivery‚ speed‚ and good quality. 2. Mind share- Mind share or the development of consumer awareness or popularity‚ is one of the main objectives of advertising and promotion. When people think of examples of a product type or
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