SHEET EXERCISE 2 Skeletal Muscle Physiology NAME: Jasmine Young LAB TIME/DATE: 1. Define each of the following terms: • motor unit - A motor unit consists of a motor neuron and all of the muscle fibers it innervates. • twitch - Skeletal Muscle twitch is the mechanical response to a single action potential. It has three phases known as the latent‚ contraction‚ and relaxation phase. • threshold - the threshold is the minimal stimulus needed to cause a depolarization of the muscle plasma membrane (sarcolemma
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hysioEx 9.0 – Exercise 2: Skeletal Muscle Physiology Name: Chart 1: Latent Period Results Voltage Active force (g) Latent period (msec) 0.0 0.00 XXXXXXXXXX 3.0 1.04 XXXXXXXXXX 4.0 1.32 2.40 6.0 1.65 2.40 8.0 1.81 2.40 10.0 1.81 2.40 Chart 2: Effect of Stimulus Voltage on Skeletal Muscle Contraction Voltage Active force (g) 0.0 0.00 0.2 0.00 0.8 0.02 1.0 .15 1.5 .43 2.0 .66 2.5 .87 3.0 1.64 3.5 1.19 4.0 1.32 4.5 1.42 5.0 1.51 5.5 1.59 6.0 1.65 6.5 1.70 7.0 1.74 7
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The muscular system has three types of muscle: skeletal‚ smooth‚ and cardiac. However‚ the main focus will be on the skeletal muscles and how they contract‚ as well as fatigue and respond to changes in temperature. In terms of the anatomy of the skeletal muscle‚ it is connected to bones by tendons‚ enabling movement. The muscle has layers around its main body: the fascia and the epimysium. A muscle is made up of many fascicles‚ bundles of myofibers (muscle cell) surrounded by perimysium. Each myofibers
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Muscle contractions happen when muscle fibers are stimulated‚ which can cause one of many types of contractions. Isometric contractions‚ which means that tension happens in the muscle but there is no change in muscle length‚ therefore there is no movement of the muscle itself. An example of Isometric contractions would be strength training‚ such as holding a weight still‚ which happens in the biceps brachii. The biceps brachii the gets more tension‚ but the muscle length stays the same. As for isotonic
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for muscle contraction. Hypothesis: Based off the frog muscle immersed separately in Solution A of ATP and distilled water solution‚ Solution B of ATP with KCl in distilled water and MgCl2 in distilled water and solution C of KCl and MgCl2 in distilled water‚ I hypothesize that solution B of ATP with KCl in distilled water and MgCl2 in distilled water will cause the muscle to contract. Introduction: This lab consisted of discovering what solutions will cause a muscle to contract. A muscle contraction
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PHYSIOLOGICAL & MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF SKELETAL MUSCLE USING FROG GASTROCNEMIUS AIM The purpose of this experiment was to demonstrate the physiological as well as mechanical properties of skeletal muscle using the gastrocnemius muscle of a frog by exploring five different investigations namely the single twitch‚ the graded response‚ the relationship between muscle length and tension‚ muscle tetanus‚ and muscle fatigue. These individual experiments aim to explore the way muscles can contract when an electrical
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There are three phases for muscle cell contraction: initiation of action potential in the sarcolemma‚ excitation-contraction coupling‚ and contraction‚ sliding of the myofilaments. ATP and calcium ions are two essential elements for muscle contraction. When ATP attaches to the myosin head‚ it gets hydrolyzed to ADP and Pi. Calcium ions bind to the troponin molecules and help expose the binding sites of actin filaments to allow for the attachment of the myosin heads. After the sliding of the myofilaments
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Thato’s muscle had remained unused for 6 weeks. Once the cast is removed and he steps down from the examination table‚ his muscle begins to contract. Due to this 6 week period of rest‚ the muscles initial strength of contraction may be significantly low as compared to its strength a few minutes later. The strength of contraction of his muscle increases to a plateau‚ which is termed the staircase effect. Due to his muscles low initial strength of contraction‚ Thato loses his balance and falls. 1
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During a Muscle Contraction The muscle fiber is in a resting state. The resting state is slightly negative inside and slightly positive outside. It has to be in this state in order to receive a message. First the brain sends a message to the muscle using a neuron then reaches the axon terminal of the neuron. Calcium gates then open on the axon terminal allowing calcium to rush in. Ach release from axon terminals‚ diffuses across the synaptic clef and binds to (receptors) on motor end plate. Then
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the computer is measuring the time between the application of the stimulus and the last point where the active force is zero (just prior to contraction). How long is the latent period? _2.78_ msec What occurs in the muscle during this apparent lack of activity? The muscle is reacting internally and getting the signals to contract. Investigating Graded Muscle Response to Increased Stimulus Intensity 1. Click Clear Tracings if there are tracings on your screen. 2. Set the voltage to 0.0‚ and click
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