of spontaneous contractions and the response to stimulating the nerves at 20 Hz with both a voltage that produced only a modest response and the voltage that produced the maximal response. 1) Briefly describe the response of the ileum when it is unstimulated and during stimulation of the nerves. It is shown that the rabbit ileum has a constant rate of contractions and relaxations‚ when it is not stimulated. However there is a significant drop in the amplitude of the contractions‚ when the ileum
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change in contractions during different levels of stimulation and inhibition‚ such as that from different voltages and alpha/beta blockers. A. RESPONSES TO NERVE STIMULATION Figure 1.0 Spontaneous contractions of rabbit ileum at 20Hz. Figure 1‚1 Contractions of rabbit ileum at 20Hz‚ with a stimulation of 2V applied to produce a moderate reaction. Figure 1.2 Contractions of rabbit
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Michelson-Morley experiment. Given that: [pic]‚ [pic]‚ [pic]‚ and [pic]. 3. State the fundamental postulates of Einstein special theory of relativity and deduce from them the Lorentz Transformation Equations . 4. Explain relativistic length contraction and time dilation in special theory of relativity? What are proper length and proper time interval? 5. A rod has length 100 cm. When the rod is in a satellite moving with velocity 0.9 c relative to the laboratory‚ what is the length of the rod
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Textbook: Neural Reflexes * all neural reflexes begin with stimulus that activates sensory receptor * receptor sends info in form of AP through sensory neurons to CNS * CNS: integrating center that evaluates all incoming info and selects appropriate response * Initiates AP in efferent neurons to direct response of muscles or glands (effectors) * Negative feedback: * Feedback signals from muscle or joint receptors keep CNS continuously informed of changing body position
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1. Consider the equation F = DP/R. It describes the flow (F) of fluid in a tube in which there is a pressure difference (DP) between the two ends and a resistance (R) to flow. The equation indicates that(2.0 Score ) A.the flow of fluid from point A to point B in a tube depends upon the difference in pressure between A and B. B.the flow of fluid in a tube depends upon the absolute pressure at the beginning of the tube. C.the greater the resistance to flow in a tube‚ the greater the flow for any
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AP?: no nerve response What is the effect of lidocaine on eliciting an AP?: Blocks sodium ion channels from opening‚ inhibiting AP. What is the equation for Fick’s First Law of Diffusion?: J = -DA△ｃ/△ｘ What is the key variable in an isometric contraction?: muscle length What is the relationship b/w size of a nerve and conduction velocity?: The larger the nerve‚ the faster the conduction velocity. What is the role of hypothalamus in the production of thyroxine & TSH?: It is a primary endocrine
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apply to all physiological processes Physiological Processes Chemical & Physical Laws Rooted in the laws of physics & chemistry Nerve conduction‚ action potentials & ionic currents Gas exchange Animal locomotion and blood flow Muscle contraction and limb movement Anabolic and catabolic metabolism What is Animal Physiology? (continued) Animal Physiology includes behavior‚ ecology‚ anatomy‚ evolution‚….. Sub-disciplines of animal physiology Cellular Comparative Environmental
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on spinal cord‚they control the muscle contractions. Strychnine act on the glycine receptors‚these are inhibitory receptors when they stimulate chloride channel open‚chlorine move inside and cause hyperpolarization normally.But strychnine block these glycine receptors or acts as antagonist for these receptors.As a result chloride channel does not open and no hyperpolarization and excitatory effect on muscles is not stopped and produce forceful contractions which are of longer duration and shortly
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BRIDGE CROSSINGS WITH DUCTILE IRON PIPE ® BRIDGE CROSSINGS WITH DUCTILE IRON PIPE Introduction The Ductile Iron Pipe Research Association (DIPRA) periodically receives requests from engineers and contractors concerning recommendations on the design and/or installation of pipelines spanning waterways‚ highways‚ and railroads. Because the variables involved in such installations present numerous alternatives and challenges for designers and contractors‚ DIPRA does not provide recommendations
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recordings showing a period of spontaneous contractions and the response to stimulating the nerves at 20 Hz with both a voltage that produced only a modest response and the voltage that produced the maximal response. (5) 1) Briefly describe the response of the ileum when it is unstimulated and during stimulation of the nerves. (5) 2) What is the frequency of the regular spontaneous contractions of the ileum? What causes these spontaneous contractions? (5) Attach a copy of your experimental
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