program that required 30% of all municipal contracts go to Minority Business Enterprises (MBEs). In 1989‚ the J.A. Croson Company challenged the program‚ after not receiving a contract because of the MBE program‚ arguing it violated the Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment. The court ruled in favor of the Croson Company stating‚ “While there is no doubt that the sorry history of both private and public discrimination in this country has contributed to a lack of opportunities for black entrepreneurs
Premium Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution Reverse discrimination United States Constitution
Gonzales v. Raich In the case of Gonzales v. Raich‚ the Supreme Court made a judgment that affected the California users of medical marijuana. Under a law the federal Controlled Substance Act‚ marijuana is a schedule one controlled substance‚ however under a 1996 state California law‚ marijuana is legalized for usage for people who have a prescription from a doctor for medical usage. When the federal Drug Enforcement Administration enforced the CSA by destroying one of the defendant’s marijuana
Premium United States United States Congress Law
The Supreme Court case of Gregg V. Georgia dealt with administrative law‚ which is the legal field that regulates the due process clause in the Constitution. The clause is about the Government having the obligations to respect and uphold the legal rights of American people during and after they are arrested. Troy Leon Gregg and other inmates on death row believed that the death sentence was in direct violation of the 8th and 14th Amendments‚ which dealt with cruel and unusual punishment and that
Premium Capital punishment Gregg v. Georgia Capital punishment in the United States
Wallace v. Jaffree How did the Three Branches of government respond to the social issues of freedom of religion based on Wallace v. Jaffree case? Name: Thao-My Bui Date: 11/4/2014 IB History of the American Word count: 1989 Table of Contents A. Plan of Investigation 3 B. Summary of evidence………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..3 C. Evaluation of Sources……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…6 D. Analysis…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Premium United States Supreme Court of the United States Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution
reasonably to enhance the contractual objectiveness of a case. Judges use the grounds of how a ‘reasonable’ observer would interpret the facts to determine whether the elements of a contract are evident within an agreement to then make it legally binding‚ and whether the contractual performance of the parties was acted in good faith. This in effect allows for more procedural fairness‚ taking into account all matters within judicial review. Within this case‚ Robb J reasons that there is a legally binding contract
Premium
synonym of common law: general rule. In the case of Child V. Desormeaux‚ it was proven by the courts that the social hosts did not own a duty of care to the people injured by the defendant’s actions. “I conclude that as a general rule‚ a social host does not owe a duty of care to a person injured by a guest who has consumed alcohol and that the courts below correctly dismissed the appellants’ action.” The Supreme Court of Canada’s decision in the case of Child v. Desormeaux supports the current common
Premium Law Tort Duty of care
of hot water V. amygdalina leaves extract (500 mg/kg) reduced blood glucose concentration of both normoglycaemic and hyperglycaemic rats induced by alloxan (Osinubi‚ 2007). 2.4.2.3 Antioxidant activity Several studies have shown that V. amygdalina possess antioxidant activity (Yeap et al.‚ 2010). Ethanol and aqueous extracts showed good antioxidant activity using different models (Ayoola et al.‚ 2008; Owolabi et al.‚ 2008). Igile et al. (1994) characterizes flavonoids occurring in V. amygdalina leaves
Premium Diabetes mellitus Blood sugar Insulin
In the present case‚ the question is whether Joe Smith parent can file a lawsuit because he was discriminated against due to his race‚ sex‚ national origin‚ religion‚ and/or financial means. Like in the Yick Wo case‚ Smith is discriminated due to his national origin. Even though‚ his origin is white and the admissions policy might appear neutral to some‚ but it is applied unequally to whites. In DeFunis v Odegaard‚ this case was ruled moot because Defunis was in his last year of law school‚ so the
Premium United States Discrimination Race
In June of 1966‚ the outcome of the trial - Miranda v. Arizona declared that suspects must be informed of their specific legal rights when being placed under arrest‚ bringing about the creation of the Miranda Rights and forever altering all criminal arrests and police conduct. The Supreme Court’s decision in Miranda v. Arizona addressed four different cases involving custodial interrogations. In each of these cases‚ the defendant was questioned by police officers‚ detectives‚ or a prosecuting attorney
Premium Miranda v. Arizona Supreme Court of the United States Police
C.Richmond v. Croson(1989) D.The case deals with the city Council of Richmond passing a law that made is so companies that had construction contracts with the city had to subcontract at least 30 percent of their business to a business that has minority ownership. This lead to the J.A. Croson Company losing a contract because the company does not have a minority owner. This lead to the company starting a suit against Richmond. E. Is the law passed by Richmond breaching the fourteenth amendment’s equal
Premium High school Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution United States Constitution