CHAPTER 23 Political Paralysis in the Gilded Age‚ 1869–1896 PART I: Reviewing the Chapter A. Checklist of Learning Objectives After mastering this chapter‚ you should be able to: 1. Describe the political corruption of the Grant administration and the mostly unsuccessful efforts to reform politics in the Gilded Age. 2. Describe the economic crisis of the 1870s‚ and explain the growing conflict between hard-money and soft-money advocates. 3. Explain the intense political partisanship
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Acid Rains There are three gases which could cause acid rain‚ which are Sulphur Dioxide (sulphuric acid)‚ NOx (oxides of nitrogen which produce nitric acid) and also perhaps Carbon Dioxide (weak carbonic acid)‚ produces these acids because these gases dissolve in rain water/ precipitation and this forms a weak version of the acid‚ as the gases dissolve it lowers the pH of the rainwater. I think that there has been a increase in the production of acid rain‚ due to the fact that the country as a
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Experiment 8: Synthesis of Adipic Acid Performed November 8th & 10th By Jennifer Seitz Organic Chemistry 344 Section 803 Fall 2011 Objective: The purpose of this experiment was to synthesize adipic acid from cyclohexanol via an oxidation reaction that was catalyzed by sulfuric acid. Purity of the product was assessed by measuring the melting point. Physical Properties/Structures: Name | Formula | Molecular Weight (g/mol) | Boiling Point (0C) | Melting Point(0C) | Density(g/mL)
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18.1.4 – 18.1.6 CALCULATIONS INVOLVING ACIDS AND BASES Review of Important formulas pH = ‐ log10[H+] [H+] = 10‐pH pKa = ‐ log10 Ka Ka = 10‐pKa pOH = ‐ log10[OH‐] [OH‐] = 10‐pOH pKb = ‐ log10 Kb Kb = 10‐pKb The ionic product of water = Kw = [H+] x [OH‐] = 1.0 x 10‐14 mol2 dm‐6 at 298 K The expression varies with temperature
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Synthesis of benzilic acid from benzoin utilizing a multi-step reaction. Names: Arian Karim TA Name: Sayantan Das Lab Day & Time: Thursday 7:30-11:40 Lab Section #: Abstract The main purpose of this experiment was to synthesize benzilic acid from benzoin. This requires a multistep synthesis with benzyl as an intermediate product. The first step required HNO3 as an oxidizing agent and the second step required KOH and HCl. The percentage yields of benzil and benzilic acid were 59.5% and 21
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Acid rain is rain that has become acidic‚ because of air pollutants in the atmosphere. Rain has a normal pH level of around 5-5.5 which is only slightly acidic. 7 on the pH scale is the neutral and anything below that is considered acidic. Acid rain has a pH level around 4 which is 10 times more acidic. Acid rain can fall in many different ways and has many effects on the environment. Acid rain is caused by air pollutants in the atmosphere. These air pollutants are mainly from man made resources
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What is acid rain? Rainfall made sufficiently acidic by atmospheric pollution that it causes environmental harm‚ typically to forests and lakes. What chemicals make rain acidic‚ and how does it happen? Besides water‚ and carbonic acid (from carbon dioxide dissolved in the rain droplets)‚ the primary components of acid rain are sulfuric acid‚ which comes from sulfur dioxide derived from the burning of coal‚ and nitric acid‚ which from nitrogen emissions. Where do these chemical come from?
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DETERMINATION OF FRUIT ACIDS BY TITRATION AND CALCULATION OF THE SUGAR/ACID RATIO It is the sugar/acid ratio which contributes towards giving many fruits their characteristic flavour and so is an indicator of commercial and organoleptic ripeness. At the beginning of the ripening process the sugar/acid ratio is low‚ because of low sugar content and high fruit acid content‚ this makes the fruit taste sour. During the ripening process the fruit acids are degraded‚ the sugar content increases and
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October 9‚ 2013 Partner(s): Acetylsalicylic Acid Synthesis Theory. This experiment was carried out to see how the hydroxyl group on the benzene ring in salicylic acid reacts with acetic anhydride to form an ester‚ and to make aspirin. Synthesis of Acetylsalicylic Acid occurs by protonation of carbonyl (C=O) group‚ and a nucleophilic attack of OH on the acetic anhydride. The ferric chloride test and melting point were used to test the purity of the results. A hypothesized recovery rater of above
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Essay March 28‚ 2014 ACID RAIN ENVIRONMENAL EFFECTS What is acid rain? It’s a rain or any other form of precipitation that is unusually acidic‚ meaning that it possesses elevated levels of hydrogen ions (low pH). It can have harmful effects on plants‚ aquatic animals and infrastructure. Acid rain is caused by emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide‚ which react with the water molecules in the atmosphere to produce acids. The most obvious environmental effect of acid rain has been the loss
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