Anand Mohan Goel Anjan V. Thakor University of Michigan Why Do Firms Smooth Earnings?* I. Introduction Corporate earnings management has been much in the news lately. For example‚ Business Week has recently run two cover stories‚ one titled “Who Can You Trust?” (October 5‚ 1998) and the other titled “The Numbers Game” (May 14‚ 2001)‚ that suggest that the credibility of earnings reports is being eroded by earnings management. Arthur Levitt‚ Jr.‚ chairman of the Securities and
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Executive Summary Given the current and expected market conditions‚ the financial department of the OceanCarriers Group is to evaluate the potential revenues and expenses of commissioning a new capsize ship for cargo transportation in order to meet a received demand for lease. Are commended approach would consist in analyzing the expectations for the world economy‚trends in world trade and potential contracts; however‚ an estimated time of service should be assigned in order to predict future cash
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Mohamed Hossam Eldin Mohamed Nawar MBA – Supply Chain 2nd assignment * Three aspects of value oriented retail strategy: 1-Expected 2-Augmented 3-Potential An expected retail strategy represents the minimum value Chain elements a given customer segment (e.g.‚ young women) expects from a Type of retailer (e.g.‚ a mid-priced apparel retailer). In most cases‚ the following are Expected value chain elements: store cleanliness‚ convenient hours‚ well-informed Employees‚ timely service
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An operation increases its production level and observes that the cost of producing each unit decreases. This is an example of: Economies of scale. Organizations have: internal and external supply chains. The center of gravity method for location choice is often used to minimize: shipping costs. Which of the following are common reasons a firm might expand into new countries?: To operate under less restrictive regulations and to improve access to foreign markets. . Compared to service operations
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000) +0.3(3‚000) = 64‚900 EV 4th Decision Branch (Consolidate existing product‚ reap without investing) E(X) = 0.6(10‚000) + 0.4(1‚000) = 6‚400 EV B.) The decision alternative that has the most favorable total expected value is to develop new product thoroughly with a total expected value of 210‚200. 1.) The Company has determined that it has two alternatives for improving profits: develop new products either rapidly or thoroughly‚ or consolidate existing products by strengthening products or
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Unfortunately‚ this mindset that students should “just know” what is expected of them has not served teachers or students well. Teachers must look at student acquisition of desired behaviors just as they approach the learning of academic behaviors. Only through direct instruction can educators be certain that students will
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TOPIC : 4.1 TITLE :ECOLOGICAL SAMPLING (RANDOM QUADRAT SAMPLING) NAME : NADIA DEANA BINTI MAIDEEN CLASS : M14D DATE : 24 JULY 2014 RESEARCH QUESTION: How does the presence and absence of sunlight in different locations effect the growth of Mimosa Pudica species? METHOD: The survey area is at a open field. 1.Using a tape measure‚ a square of 10 m each side is marked and a stake is driven into the ground at each corner. 2.A string is looped around each of the four stakes to mark the boundaries
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Environment Matters Born streets apart in the Baltimore neighborhood‚ two kids by the name of Wes Moore begin similar fates in a drug and crime-plagued ghetto. Fatherless and struggling in poverty‚ their decisions however quickly set them apart‚ as one finds his way onto the New York Times Bestseller List and the other behind prison bars. In the novel The Other Wes Moore‚ the author Wes Moore identifies the choices which set their paths diverged and explores the factors that made the difference
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factors (u) is held fixed‚ so that change in u is zero‚ we can observe the function relationship between y and x. -‐ If we take the expected value of the model‚ (Δu = 0 and Δβ0)‚ then we can see that x has a linear effect on y. We will only get reliable estimates of
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parcels at a (strike) price of €10 million in June 2002. 3. Furthermore‚ in order to develop the three parcels into a ski resort‚ the company needed leases from the European Union Environment Agency. When the company purchased the options‚ they expected the leasing agreement before December 2001. Unfortunately‚ a group of conservationists had filed a lawsuit against the EU Environment Agency. Because of this suit‚ the Agency Commissioner refused to consider the leasing agreement for the east side
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