community changes and thus the community as a whole is altered (Friedman 2017). To study succession‚ one must use one of the following methods: to observe any patterns that occur‚ to conduct experiments that manipulate specific variables in a community‚ or to construct a model that may undergo succession. One example of an experiment that measures microbial succession was an experiment observing changes in traditional Chinese soy sauce over time (Sulaiman et al. 2014). The fermentation of the soy sauce
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gerati Laboratory report Vapour-Compression Refrigeration Experiment Thermodynamics Date of experiment: 26 June 2012 Group D2: Introduction The laboratory session for refrigeration system was performed in order to investigate the main concepts of the vapour-compression refrigeration cycle. Simple refrigeration system studied in the laboratory is a prototype for a variety of engineering applications utilized in industrial‚ domestic and scientific purposes. The detailed goals include the study
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WHAT IS A MADHHAB? WHY IS IT NECESSARY TO FOLLOW ONE? Q-News Interview‚ © Nuh Ha Mim Keller 1995 The word madhhab is derived from an Arabic word meaning "to go" or "to take as a way"‚ and refers to a mujtahids choice in regard to a number of interpretive possibilities in deriving the rule of Allah from the primary texts of the Qur’an and hadith on a particular question. In a larger sense‚ a madhhab represents the entire school of thought of a particular mujtahid Imam‚ such as Abu Hanifa‚ Malik
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To assign the first movement of Beethoven’s Ninth Symphony the sonata form would truly be a subjective judgment. I will first explain how this movement fits thesonata form; then I will discuss how it diverges from this form in rather fascinating ways. Broadly speaking‚ the first movement can be divided in to three pieces‚ each beginning with a version of what I have denoted A_0‚ the introduction to the piece inwhich motifs float around in a constant void‚ gaining energy‚ and morphing into musicalthemes
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EXPERIMENT 3: ISENTROPIC EXPANSION PROCESS Objective In order to demonstrate the isentropic expansion process. Introduction Isentropic means no change in entropy. Entropy is a thermodynamic property that is the measure of a system’s thermal energy per unit temperature that is unavailable for doing useful work. In simple terms‚ the measure of the level of disorder in a closed but changing system‚ a system in which energy can only be transferred in one direction from an ordered state to a disordered
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Experiment # Title Student Name: Student Number: Section Number: 0103 TA: Stephen Ho Date the experiment were performed: Date the lab report was submitted: Introduction: (Ideally‚ one pages‚ maximum 2 pages) * Background information (one paragraph) * Purpose of the experiment (Should be stated in few sentences) * Theory (One to two paragraph)‚ including chemical reaction equation Experimental: (1-2 pages) * Still need to mention that the procedure was adapted from
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with the calcium carbonate. Apparatus Mortar and Pestle Standard Lab Balance Hot Plates 200ml beaker Measuring cylinder (10ml‚ 100ml) Pipette Burette Conical Flask Bunsen burner Any reagents used in this experiment Eggshell NaOH 1moldm3 HCl 1moldm3 Phenolphthalein Procedure 1. Each student should obtain one egg and the necessary glassware from the side bench. 2. Break the egg into a beaker. Add water to the egg and stir before pouring down the drain. 3. Wash the shell with deionized
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EXPERIMENT 7: PERCENTAGE OF OXYGEN IN KClO3 Introduction: In this experiment you will determine the percentage of oxygen in potassium chlorate. You will calculate the theoretical value from the chemical formula and compare your experimental value to the theoretical value. Background: When potassium chlorate (KClO3) is heated‚ it undergoes chemical decomposition. Oxygen gas (O2) is given off and potassium chloride (KCl) remains as the residue. The equation for the decomposition of potassium
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In this experiment‚ we planted bean plants and put stress on them by rubbing them a certain amount of times a day. This was to see how they might survive in a windy area or in an environment where they might constantly be touched or moved around. The bean plants were
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Design of Experiments (DOE) Tutorial Design of Experiments (DOE) techniques enables designers to determine simultaneously the individual and interactive effects of many factors that could affect the output results in any design. DOE also provides a full insight of interaction between design elements; therefore‚ it helps turn any standard design into a robust one. Simply put‚ DOE helps to pin point the sensitive parts and sensitive areas in designs that cause problems in Yield. Designers are then
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