A chemical bond is an attraction between atoms that allows the formation of chemical substances that contain two or more atoms. The bond is caused by the electromagnetic force attraction between opposite charges‚ either between electrons and nuclei‚ or as the result of a dipole attraction. The strength of chemical bonds varies considerably; there are "strong bonds" such as covalent or ionic bonds and "weak bonds" such as dipole-dipole interactions‚ the London dispersion force and hydrogen bonding
Premium Chemical bond Covalent bond
Determination of Water in a Hydrate DESIGN – Aspect 1: Defining the problem & selecting variables Research Question: What percentage of Copper Sulfate Hydrate is water? Background Information: There are many ionic compounds that contain one or more waters of hydration in their formulae. They exists either in anhydrous or hydrated form. Most anhydrous compounds have a strong tendency to absorb water from the humidity in the atmosphere and shifts into a hydrated form. Because of
Premium Water Sulfuric acid Mass
DETERMINATION OF THE HEAT OF SOLUTION BY THE VANT HOFF ISOCHORE METHOD Jan Vincent Arafiles‚ Merry Joy Arzaga‚ Anne Louise Ayson‚ Lovely Jenny Buenaflor Group 2 3A-Biochemistry chem401 laboratory ABSTRACT Thermodynamic values can be determined using the Vant Hoff isochore method. This method entails the use of equilibrium systems to determine the change in enthalpy of the solution‚ which can b related to the change in internal energy of the solution. The van ’t Hoff isochore relates
Premium Thermodynamics Benzene Temperature
EXPERIMENT 7: PERCENTAGE OF OXYGEN IN KClO3 Introduction: In this experiment you will determine the percentage of oxygen in potassium chlorate. You will calculate the theoretical value from the chemical formula and compare your experimental value to the theoretical value. Background: When potassium chlorate (KClO3) is heated‚ it undergoes chemical decomposition. Oxygen gas (O2) is given off and potassium chloride (KCl) remains as the residue. The equation for the decomposition of potassium
Premium Chlorine Oxygen Potassium
Chemical Equilibrium: Le Chatelier Principle By Sarah Ramos and Kristina Todorovic Chemistry 203 DEN Dr. Mohamed El-Maazawi Part A. Acid-Base Indicators Purpose In this part of the experiment‚ we will find a reagent that will shift the acid-base equilibrium reaction described by Equation (2) in one direction and then a second reagent that will cause the equilibrium position to shift back in the opposite direction. Introduction An acid–base indicator
Premium Chemical equilibrium Solubility PH
process of distillation. Distillation is the separation of volatile substances mixed with nonvolatile substances by boiling the mixture to alter the phase of the volatile substance. The researchers used the simple distillation set up to conduct the experiment. 25 ml of The Bar Vodka was used and 7 ml of distillate was collected before a temperature of 95 degrees Celsius was reached. Collected distillate was then subjected to a flammability test to confirm ethanol content. The percent ethanol was computed
Premium Distillation Boiling point Ethanol
Chemical Description Chemical Description Chemical #1 Seashell Calcium Carbonate - CaO3 Density | * 2.71 g/cm3 (calcite) * 2.83 g/cm3 (aragonite) | Exact mass | * 100.0869 g/mol | Molecular Formula | * CaO3 | Melting point | * 825 °C (calcite) * 1339 °C (aragonite) | Boiling point | * Decomposes | Acidity | * 9.0 | Flash point | * Non flammable | Crystal structure | * Trigonal | Other names | * Limestone‚ Marble‚ Chalk‚ Calcite and
Premium Oxygen Water
Chemical Reactions Chemical Change • reorganization • original substances form new substances with different formulas • may or may not involve a change of state • symbols used to describe chemical reaction are known as a chemical equation • Chemical equations do not have equal signs (=) they have an arrow Chemical Equations • Must follow the Law of Conservation of Matter • atoms can neither be created or destroyed during a chemical reaction • What
Free Chemical reaction Hydrogen Chemistry
The hypothesis If a chemical reaction occurs‚ then there will be indicators of a chemical change‚ was supported throughout this experiment. Throughout this experiment there were several reactions that took place‚ and an indicator of such chemical reactions could be seen throughout each one. The first piece of identifiable evidence was present in the first step‚ which was when copper (II) nitrate and sodium hydroxide were combined. When stirred‚ a blue precipitate formed at the bottom of the test
Premium Chemical reaction Chemistry
ONE-SCHOOL.NET Physics Equation List :Form 4 Introduction to Physics Relative Deviation Relative Deviation = Mean Deviation ×100% Mean Value Prefixes Prefixes Tera Giga Mega Kilo deci centi milli micro nano pico Units for Area and Volume 1 m = 102 cm 1 m = 10 cm 2 4 2 Value 1 000 000 000 000 1 000 000 000 1 000 000 1 000 0.1 0.01 0.001 0.000 001 0.000 000 001 0.000 000 000 001 Standard form 1012 109 106 103 10-1 10-2 10-3 10-6 10-9 10-12 Symbol T G M k d c m μ n p (100 cm) (10
Premium Potential energy Newton's laws of motion Force