Stereochemistry of Butenedioic Acid Objective: To study the interconversion of two geometric isomers‚ maleic acid (cis isomer) to fumaric acid (trans isomers)‚ the differences in physical properties between this pair of cis-trans isomers and determine the stereochemistry of addition of bromine to butenedioic acid. Chemicals and Apparatus: 2 grams of maleic acid‚ 10 cm3 of concentrated hydrochloric acid‚ 10 cm3 of bromine water[1]‚ one 50 cm3 beaker‚ one 100 cm3 beaker‚ one 250 cm3
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Separation of Amino Acids by Paper Chromatography Chromatography is a common technique for separating chemical substances. The prefix “chroma‚” which suggests “color‚” comes from the fact that some of the earliest applications of chromatography were to separate components of the green pigment‚ chlorophyll. You may have already used this method to separate the colored components in ink. In this experiment you will use chromatography to separate and identify amino acids‚ the building blocks of proteins
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between Britain and Greece on whether the “Elgin Marbles”‚ also known as the “Parthenon Marbles” should or should not be returned to the rightful owner. It is important to understand what the Elgin Marbles are and the history of them. I will bring forward a few points on why I think they should be returned back to Greece. Keywords: britain‚ greece‚ elgin‚ parthenon‚ return The Elgin Marbles I think the Elgin Marbles‚ also known as the Parthenon Marbles should be returned back to Greece. These classical
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process of distillation. Distillation is the separation of volatile substances mixed with nonvolatile substances by boiling the mixture to alter the phase of the volatile substance. The researchers used the simple distillation set up to conduct the experiment. 25 ml of The Bar Vodka was used and 7 ml of distillate was collected before a temperature of 95 degrees Celsius was reached. Collected distillate was then subjected to a flammability test to confirm ethanol content. The percent ethanol was computed
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Standardization of NaOH and Determination of Unknown Acid KEYWORDS: quantitative analysis‚ titration‚ buret‚ endpoint‚ standardization‚ half-equivalence point‚ calorimetric titration‚ potentiometric titration ABSTRACT: The concentration of sodium hydroxide was determined by colorimetric titration‚ and the identity of an unknown acid was determined by potentiometric titration. In the first titration‚ a strong acid standard‚ potassium hydrogen phthalate (KHP)‚ was used‚ to determine the concentration
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Oreo cookies are preferred over Chips Ahoy. Oreos are unique because almost all the other cookies have the same taste‚ but Oreos are different. They are also perfect with cake and ice cream. Also many people do not agree but after reading many nutrition facts and according to statistics Oreos are actually healthier than Chips Ahoy. Oreos are better than Chips Ahoy. When it comes to the nutrition in Oreos and Chips Ahoy‚ the Oreos are healthier. Oreos and Chips Ahoy have the same amount of calories
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Common Aspects of Acid Prehydrolysis and Steam Explosion for Pretreating Wood Hans E. Grethlein Michigan Biotechnology Institute‚ PO Box 27609‚ Lansing‚ Michigan 48909‚ USA & Alvin O. Converse Thayer School of Engineering‚ Dartmouth College‚ Hanover‚ New Hampshire 03755‚ USA Abstract The initial rate of hydrolysis using cellulase from Trichoderma reesei for various wood samples is directly proportional to the surface area available to the enzyme. Both dilute acid hydrolysis in a continuous
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everyone will be world famous for 15 minutes” (Andy Warhol). This is exactly what happened to Chip Gaines and Norm Abram‚ Neither chip nor Norm expected to be famous but that is what ended up happening. They both got their 15 minutes of fame and that ended up being their gateway to stardom with their own TV shows. I believe Chip and Norm Abram are two of the best carpenter/designers of their era. Norm and Chip both learned their carpentry skills in different ways. Norm first started seeing the carpentry
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water decreases‚ lessening the solution’s water potential‚ and lessening its ability to move between solutions by osmosis. Relating this to the potato chips: basically‚ as the concentration of glucose in each solution increases‚ the water in that solution is less able to move to the potato as there is a higher concentration of water in the potato chip than in the highly concentrated sucrose solution‚ causing water from the potato to move to the solution‚ thereby achieving a percentage loss in mass
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Materials: Marshmallows. Tortilla chips. Potato chips. Barbeque lighter. Thermometer. Stirring rod. Ring stand. Data: Food Weight Before Burning Food Weight After Burning Tortilla chip‚ 3.2g Tortilla Chip‚ 1.15g Marsh Mallows‚ 8.4g Marsh Mallows‚ 6.1g Potato Chips‚ 7.7g Potato Chips‚ 1.5g Water Temp. Before Burning Water used for tortilla chips‚ 25 degrees Celsius Water used for
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