Ph Lab Report Bryon Kim 123013 B(2) Biology Background information/Research PH paper (litmus paper) determines how acidic or how basic a substance is. The paper changes color accordingly to color code on the pH scale. The pH scale starts from 0 to 14. The lower the number the more acidic it is. Zero is the most acidic‚ and 14 is the most basic while 7 is the neutral number for example water. Examples of an acid is lemon juice or multi purpose cleaner. Examples of a basic substance is shampoo or liquid soap
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scale Enzyme applications 1. Detergents Bacterial proteinases are still the most important detergent enzymes. Lipases decompose fats into more water-soluble compounds. Amylases are used in detergents to remove starch based stains. 2. Starch hydrolysis and fructose production The use of starch degrading enzymes was the first large scale application of microbial enzymes in food industry. Mainly two enzymes carry out conversion of starch to glucose: alpha-amylase and fungal enzymes. Fructose
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needed for any process or reaction. Life would not exist without the presence of enzymes (Phillips‚ 2017). Through chemical reactions‚ this energy is created and is controlled by a catalyst‚ enzymes. Enzymes are known as proteins that are produced in living cells that speed up the metabolic processes of an organism. These catalysts speed up these reactions by decreasing the activation energy‚ how much energy is needed for a chemical reaction to happen (WBC‚ 2015). An enzyme-substrate complex forms
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This experiment was performed in order to analyze the effects of pH‚ enzyme concentration‚ and temperature on the catalytic rate on enzyme ALP. The initial experiment was done to approximate the optimum pH for the activity of the enzyme. The hypothesis was that alkaline phosphatase activity will be critically affected by pH effects. The hypothesis was valid because the data shows that the pH values for the acidic‚ basic‚ and neutral tubes increased over time‚ absorbing at similar rates. The basic
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Enzymes and Their Importance in Plants and Animals Enzymes are large proteins that are responsible for catalysing thousands of metabolic processes that sustain life. Enzymes work similarly to those catalysts used in industry by lowering activation energy and therefore dramatically speeding up the rate of a reaction‚ however‚ these biological catalysts are highly selective to their substrate. Almost every chemical reaction that occurs in a cell requires enzymes in order to occur at rates required
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The activity of an Enzyme is affected by its environmental conditions and changing these factors can alter the overall rate of the reaction. Reaction rates are influenced by external factors such as pH‚ temperature and salt concentration. Different enzymes have different optimum temperatures in which they are most efficient and different pH levels which is ideal for their formation of enzyme-substrate complexes. As the temperature increases‚ there is more movement of molecules and more random collisions
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effects of changes in variables such as temperature‚ pH and concentration on catalase enzyme activity. Proteins are organic compounds made up of amino acid subunits consisting of carboxyl and amino functional groups‚ linked together by peptide bonds through condensation reactions. They are an essential part of all living organisms. Enzymes are “biological catalyst used to speed up chemical reactions (Athanasopoulos‚ 2014). Normally‚ for chemical reactions; “reactant molecules must collide with enough force
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Enzyme lab report. Introduction. An enzyme is a protein molecule that speeds up the rates of chemical reactions by many folds. They recognize‚ bind‚ and change specific reactants. They do not change thus can catalyze the same reaction again and again. Activation energy also known as an energy barrier is the amount of energy needed in order to begin a chemical reaction. Catecholase catalyzes the reaction rate of catechol oxidation. Catechol is found beneath the skin of many plants such
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Enzymes are biological catalysts that operate at the temperatures‚ pressures‚ and moderate pH values found in living organisms. They help in a faster chemical reaction in our human body. Besides this‚ enzymes also play a huge role in various industries. The following paragraphs will talk about how various enzymes are used in various industries : The Dairy Industry and Medical Industry. In the dairy industry‚ the enzyme Protease is used widely. While making cheese‚ protease helps coagulate milk
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Enzymes Lecture outlines •Catalysis profile •Activation energy & its •Enzyme & substrate substrates •How enzymes bind to •Lock & Key model •Induced-fit model •Enzyme assay Lecture outcomes • At the end of this lecture‚ students are able to: • Define the catalyst • Understand how enzymes work as catalysts‚ the concept of activation energy and enzymes-substrate binding • Explain different theories of the relation between enzymes and substrates Catalysis • It is probably
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