EXPERIMENT 1: REACTIONS OF ENOLATE IONS WITH CARBONYL GROUPS Aims In this experiment we used two techniques for the reactions of enolate ions with carbonyl groups. One technique used was Doebner reaction and the other technique used was Claisen-Schmidt reaction. Therefore the aim of this experiment is to synthesize trans p-methoxycinnamic acid and to synthesize dibenzalacetone via an aldol condensation reaction between acetone and benzaldehyde. The products would be recrystallized using ethanol
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non-native plant in Southern California I research some information of Iris Pseudacorus which is commonly known as Yellowflag Iris. It is native to Europe‚ Western Asia‚ and northwest Africa. Especially‚ Pseudacours is one of two iris species native to British Island. It was brought to Canada and the U.S in the early 1900s in order to use as an erosion control plant such as used in sewage treatment cells. In recent decade‚ the plant is used in landscaping and sold through garden and plant dealers
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PLANT RESPONSES TROPISM is a biological phenomenon‚ indicating growth or turning movement of a biological organism‚ usually a plant‚ in response to an environmental stimulus. In tropisms‚ this response is dependent on the direction of the species. The word tropism comes from the Greek trope ("to turn" or "to change"). Tropisms are usually named for the stimulus involved and may be either positive (towards the stimulus) or negative (away from the stimulus). Phototropism is the growth response
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October 2014 Cell Division Mitosis Abstract Mitosis and Meiosis: Cells can be divided in unicellular organisms or in multi-cellular organisms. DNA controls the cell division. Bacteria reproduce by a process called binary fission. Bacteria have one chromosome that’s attached to the cell membrane. The chromosome replicates and the two copies separate as the cell grows. Over a period of time this one cell makes two cells. Eukaryotes do the process of mitosis. In mitosis‚ each daughter cell gets about
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2011 Plants and Nitrogen Lab Report Introduction: Plants need ammonia‚ a combination of nitrogen and hydrogen‚ or nitrate‚ a form of inorganic nitrogen to grow. Most nitrogen is found in the atmosphere. However‚ plants and animals cannot directly absorb the nitrogen found in the atmosphere. Instead nitrogen gas is captured from the air by species of bacteria that lie in the water‚ soil‚ or grow on the roots of some plants. These bacteria convert the nitrogen into a form usable by plants. The
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FIRE RESISTANT BALLOON: Materials - 1 matchbox - 1 candle - 1 yellow colored balloon - 1 blue colored balloon - Half a cup of water Procedure: 1. For this experiment‚ the independent variable is whether the balloon is filled with water or not. The dependent variable is what happens to the balloon when it is placed above the lit candle. This is determined by observing the balloon. The constants (control variables) are how much the balloon is inflated and the amount
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Plant Physiology Review for Quiz 4/09/13 1. What is Plant Physiology? Plant physiology is the study of the functions of plants. 2. What is the difference between phenotype and genotype The difference between phenotype and genotype is that phenotype is the external characteristics and genotype is the genetic make up 3. What are the two types of cell walls? The two types of cell walls are primary cell wall and secondary cell wall. 4. What are the most abundance components of the CELL
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Plant hormones are specialized chemical substances produced by plants. They are the main internal factors controlling growth and development. Hormones are produced in one part of a plant and transported to others‚ where they are effective in very small amounts. Depending on the target tissue‚ a given hormone may have different effects. Plant hormones play an integral role in controlling the growth and development of plants. A plant hormone is generally described as an organic compound synthesized
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Plant Hemoglobin Hemoglobin is a protein-iron compound found within the red blood cells of most vertebrates and is responsible for the cell’s red pigment. These red blood cells carries oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the tissue cells throughout the rest of the body. Just as hemoglobin transports oxygen in humans‚ they have also been found transporting oxygen within plants. In plants‚ there are two types of hemoglobin that can be found; symbiotic and non symbiotic. Oxygen is used
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Animal testing is cruel and inhumane. Common animals used in research labs are rats and mice. Animals are subjected to experiments that deal with drug testing‚ disease infection‚ maiming‚ and some painful invasive procedures. There are fairly high casualty rates before the studies are concluded and many animals are disposed off after the study is completed because they are no longer of use. Common lab procedures that require extensive training are anesthetization‚ intubation and euthanasia. However
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