Q1. Evaluate contingency theories and situational theories of leadership and evaluate the Impact of autocratic‚ democratic‚ paternalistic‚ laissez-faire managerial styles on the effectiveness of organization. 1.1 Evaluation of Leadership Theories. There are many leadership theories and the main purpose of all of them is to highlight the factors on which leadership depends to generate best performance in an organization. Two
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Attribution Theory (Wiener’s Belief Systems) * Attribution theory assumes that people try to determine why people do what they do‚ that is‚ interpret causes to an event or behavior. (Att. Theory basically looks at how people make sense of their world; what cause and effect inferences they make about the behaviors of others and of themselves.) * Attribution theory is concerned with how and why ordinary people explain events as they do. (Theories of attribution claim we aim to attribute behavior
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What Is Dependency Theory And How Does It Apply To Development? Dependency Theory developed in the late 1950s under the guidance of the Director of the United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America‚ Raul Prebisch. He believed that the economic growth in the advanced industrialized countries (the First world) did not necessarily lead to growth in the poorer countries (the Third World). Indeed‚ economic activity in the richer countries often led to severe economic problems in the poorer countries
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emotionally”. The attachment theory suggests that there is a biological importance for infants to form attachments: it is imperative to their survival‚ especially at a young age. Similarly‚ this theory relates to the quality of the attachment formed in early childhood but also to the language‚ cognitive and moral development. Bowlby (1969) argued that humans have a biological need to create and maintain relationships. It is an
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Individual Theories There are many theories as to what motivates adolescents to commits crimes. There are many theories as to why other adolescents in the similar circumstances are not motivated to break the law. Everyone is different‚ and everyone has their own reasons for their actions. Some say it is situational‚ and others say it is biological. Personally‚ I feel it is a bit of both‚ children are easily influenced and their surroundings are sure to affect them in some way‚ whether it be
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Expectancy theory The expectancy theory was proposed by Victor H. Vroom; this motivation theory is mainly based on the efforts of every individual‚ and their belief in achieving rewards. Furthermore individuals consider 3 main issues‚ before making an effort to perform at a given level. As mentioned by (Richards n.d.) (anonymous 2011)The first of them is Expectancy which is the belief of the employees that better efforts will result in better performance‚ which is something that the phone services
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forces that lie beneath motivation can be biological‚ social‚ emotional or cognitive in nature. My research and studying helped me understand a number of different theories to explain motivation or sight an example. Each individual theory tends to be rather limited in scope. However‚ by looking at the key ideas behind each theory‚ I have gained a better understanding of motivation as a whole. Based from keen observation‚ people tend to avoid imminent danger when they feel so. In the animal kingdom
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Deindividuation theory 8+16marks Deindividuation is a social psychological explanation of aggression. It refers to the loss of personal identity and responsibility that occurs as a result of being in a crowd of people.Le Bon suggests that individual are more likely to be involve in aggressive behaviour as a collective mindset is created when in a large anonymous crowd. Individuals feels less responsible and identifiable‚ so normal constraint to prevent aggressive behaviour may be lost. The share
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this opportunity. To explain the previous statement‚ job is the factor because mostly women work indoor not like the truck driver or other where their job would provide the opportunity for theft and other illegal activity. There is a theory which supports the above paragraph that is Feminist theory. Most of the deviant theory is meant for everyone but feminist disagree by state that is applicable to men behavior only nevertheless for the female. About the Merton’s strain theory‚ it state that people
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Theories and Theorists Many professions have theories and theorists‚ especially in the medical and psychological fields. Sometimes theories will develop by theorists doing new research‚ but at other times previous theorists theories are used by a new researcher to expand on the theory and possibly come up with a new theory of his or her own. This paper will help show theories and theorists important to psychology. Psychologists and researchers in this field use these theories often‚ which is what
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