11 Allocation of Joint Costs and Accounting for By-Product/Scrap Objectives After completing this chapter‚ you should be able to answer the following questions: LO.1 LO.2 LO.3 LO.4 LO.5 How are the outputs of a joint process classified? What management decisions must be made before beginning a joint process? How is the joint cost of production allocated to joint products? How are by-product and scrap accounted for? How should not-for-profit organizations account for the cost of a joint activity?
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the contribution of CEPS in respect of Revenue and Non-Revenue functions to National Development over the period 2008 – 2011. Customs‚ Excise and Preventive Service (CEPS) established under the CEPS (Management) Law 1993 PNDCL 330 has proved it worth in tax administration‚ collecting GH¢ 24‚800‚000‚ GH¢ 31‚5000‚000‚ GH¢ 37‚100‚000 and GH¢ 45‚900‚000 in 2008‚ 2009‚ 2010 and 2011 respectively in Kumasi‚ contributing 1% in total CEPS revenue in Ghana. Aside revenue collection‚ CEPS is mandated to prevent
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INPUT/OUTPUT ORGANIZATION • Accessing I/O Devices • I/O interface • Input/output mechanism Memory-mapped I/O y pp / Programmed I/O Interrupts Direct Memory Access • Buses Synchronous Bus Asynchronous Bus I/O in CO and O/S • • • Programmed I/O Interrupts DMA (Direct memory Access) A bus is a shared communication link‚ which uses one ‚ set of wires to connect multiple subsystems. The two major advantages of the bus organization are versatility and low cost. Accessing I/O Devices
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under efficient operating conditions absorption costing all manufacturing costs are assigned to products: direct material‚ direct labour‚ variable and fixed manufacturing overhead acceptable quality level (AQL) the defect rate at which total quality costs are minimised account classification method (or account analysis) the process in which managers use their judgement to classify costs as fixed‚ variable or semivariable costs accounting rate of return (or simple rate of return‚ rate of return on assets
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do. -How far do you agree? -What criteria should be used to decide how much people are paid? Work is an important part of our lives. For everyday life‚ jobs are important components which cannot be lacked for everyone. As a result‚ salary is always a controversial topic when people discuss it. One opinion says nurses‚ doctors‚ film actors and company bosses are paid fairly despite there is a big difference among the amounts. Others are against emphasizing there should be a criteria so payment
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28‚ 2005 | January 30‚ 2004 | February 1‚ 2002 | January 28‚ 2000 | Results of Operations | | | | | | | | Net Revenue | 61‚133 | 57‚420 | 55‚788 | 49‚121 | 41‚327 | 31‚168 | 25‚265 | Cost of Revenue | 49‚462 | 47‚904 | 45‚897 | 40‚103 | 33‚764 | 25‚661 | 20‚047 | Gross Margin | 11‚671 | 9‚516 | 9‚891 | 9‚018 | 7‚563 | 5‚507 | 5‚218 | Gross Profit Margin | 19.1% | 16.6% | 17.7% | 18.4% | 18.3% | 17.7% | 20.7% | Operating Expenses | | | | | | | | + Selling‚ general
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island in the Atlantic. The inhabitants grow corn and breed poultry. The accompanying table shows the maximum annual output combinations of corn and poultry that can be produced. Obviously‚ given their limited resources and available technology‚ as they use more of their resources for corn production‚ there are fewer resources available for breeding poultry. Maximum annual output options | Quantity of Corn(pounds) | Quantity of Poultry(pounds) | 1 | 1200 | 0 | 2 | 1000 | 300 | 3 | 800 |
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great success. Presently Timberland is run by Sidney’s son‚ Jeffery Swartz‚ who continues to make the same quality products and maintain a socially responsible company. Executive Summary Our team researched Timberland Co. and its industry using many different sources to come up with a thorough and persuasive report. We began by analyzing the footwear industry and its recent trends. The footwear industry is currently having record high sales and Timberland is leading the way. We have incorporated
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3. Pins and thumbtacks must not be seen; balance of design‚ color harmony and floor length should be observed 4. The three (3) sides (front‚ left & right side) of the table must be skirted. 5. Execution time is within 30 minutes. Criteria for Judging Originality/ Creativity 25 points Work involved/ Difficulty 25 points Visual appeal 20 points Neatness 20 points Time 10 points Total 100 points
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advantage ( see for instance Barney‚ 1991 and Peteraf and Barney‚ 2003). First‚ this model assumes that firms within an industry (or within a strategic group) may be heterogeneous with respect to the bundle of resources that they control. Second‚ it assumes that resource heterogeneity may persist over time because the resources used to implement firms’ strategies are not perfectly mobile across firms (i.e.‚ some of the resources cannot be traded in factor markets and are difficult to accumulate and
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