Absorption & Emission of Light Stimulated Absorption & Emission‚ Spontaneous Emission E2 Incident radiation hν hν Emitted & transmitted radiation E1 Resonance condition E2-E1=hν • Rate of stimulated emission is: −dN1/dt = N1B1->2 ρ(ν) • Rate of absorption is the sum of the rated due to stimulated emission and spontaneous emission: −dN2/dt = N2B2->1 ρ(ν) + N2A2->1 where B1->2 is the Einstein transition probability for induced absorption‚ B2->1 is the Einstein transition probability
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Hoàng Hồng Thủy – LQT40A THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN BRITISH ENGLISH AND AMERICAN ENGLISH INTRODUCTION Those people who complain about the difficulties of learning German‚ don’t know how lucky they really are - they only have one language to master. Admittedly‚ there are regional differences of dialect in German-speaking countries‚ but the non-native speaker who has learned Hochdeutsch (high or standard German) should have no problems in making himself understood by citizens of Germany‚ Austria or Switzerland
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Short Answer/Essay Questions: 1. Q: Explain the difference between anterograde amnesia and retrograde amnesia. A: The major difference between these two terms is‚ retrograde amnesia is the inability to recall past memories while anterograde amnesia is the inability to create new memories. 2. Q: Explain the difference between proactive interference and retroactive interference. A: Proactive interference occurs when‚ in any given context‚ past memories inhibit an individual’s full potential to retain
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Education main problems and differences between U.S.A and Brazil Education is one of vast fields of the socialization process‚ but like any social process or almost all branches and by various theories or studies‚ I would like to lease this study on inequality in education in Brazil‚ having as a mirror to Education in the U.S. and other countries cited as a reflection of the theory of conflict‚ confirming my thoughts on Karl Marx. Because of his vision (Karl Marx) social strata. The theme of education
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speed at which these developmental milestones are met. Importance of the difference between sequence and rate of development It is important to understand the difference between the sequence of development and rate of development because‚ whilst the sequence usually remains the same‚ the rate at which many milestones are achieved can vary greatly. The rate at which some milestones are achieved is more variable than others. The rate at which development occurs is dependent on a myriad
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Prime cost. | B | Conversion cost. | C | Period cost. | D | Nonmanufacturing cost. | 2. | Prime cost and conversion cost share what common element of total cost? | A | Direct materials. | B | Direct labor. | C | Variable overhead. | D | Variable overhead. | 3. | On the Schedule of Cost of Goods Manufactured‚ the final Cost of Goods Manufactured figure represents: | A | the amount of cost charged to Work in Process during the period. | B | the amount of cost transferred
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The main two reasons for the companies to implement variable pay plan are: motivating employees and reducing cost. In this paper we try to point out the challenges the organizations might face when they apply variable pay system by reviewing related literature. We find that it is difficult for the company to have a reliable measure for the variable pay system. In addition‚ the focus of the variable pay plan should be on motivating employees or cutting cost and how to strike a balance between these
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The Growing Income Gap between the Rich and Poor In the United States the income gap between the rich and the poor is at an all time high. This fact is very strange to me because I hear President Bush claim that there are so many new jobs available‚ the unemployment rate is down‚ interest rates are low‚ and inflation is going down. These two claims seem contradictory to me‚ and in my paper I will hope to find out why the income gap is so high when President Bush claims the economy is doing so well
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1. Using examples‚ explain the difference between obscene and indecent materials. Obscene and indecent both have different meanings but are similar in many ways. Obscene material is described as disgusting or repulsive but indecent material is described as being offensive to the public. Both obscene and indecent can be view differently by the public; however‚ the Constitution plays a role with indecent material. Obscene material "is not protected by the First Amendment‚” (The Dynamics of Mass
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MatthEw V. FuNg The potential contributions of behavioral finance to Post Keynesian and institutionalist finance theories Abstract: In their paper “Behavioral Finance and Post Keynesian–Institutionalist Theories of Financial Markets‚” Raines and Leathers discuss how the theories of Keynes‚ Davidson‚ and Galbraith could explain financial bubbles and crises and show how those theories are both confirmed by actual events and supported by some findings in behavioral finance. The current paper comments
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