the American Psychological Association 0021-9010/05/$12.00 DOI: 10.1037/0021-9010.90.6.1241 A Meta-Analysis of the Relationship Between Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Counterproductive Work Behavior Reeshad S. Dalal Purdue University Job performance is increasingly being seen to encompass constructs such as organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) and counterproductive work behavior (CWB). To clarify the OCB–CWB relationship‚ a meta-analysis was conducted. Results indicate a modest
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to receive a free education; high school graduates are encouraged to pursue higher goals and attend college. This leads us to believe that‚ in theory‚ we will become a smarter and a well-educated nation. According to Michael Moore‚ this is not the case. Moore is an American filmmaker‚ author‚ social critic and activist. He is the director and producer of Fahrenheit 9/11‚ which is the highest grossing documentary of all time and winner of the Palme d’or. In his essay “Idiot nation” excerpted from his
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The relationship between citizenship‚ rights to suffrage and representation can best be understood as an equation. Citizenship + Suffrage = Representation Citizenship is a term to that refers to the relationship between individuals and the government over the land in which they live. Suffrage in it’s most basic form is one’s eligibility to vote. It’s more considerate form takes into account the obstacles that one faces in the ability to vote. The final part of the equation is representation.
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about the idea of state and citizenship is thousands of year old and even today there is no absolute agreement on exactly what it means. However‚ the concept of state and citizenship has suddenly emerged as a central theme in social science literature both as a normative concept and a social phenomenon. The idea of the state and citizenship has undergone numerous changes‚ some positive and some negative also‚ since its conception. The concept of state and citizenship has emerged in the 7th and 8th
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Introduction Interests in the study of economic growth and development have been on the increase especially since the middle of the present century. Economic growth results in the expansion of a country’s production possibility curve such that the potential output of the country is increased beyond the previous levels. Thus growth is often defined in terms of a sustained increase in the real per capita income of a country. Simon Kuznets in (Todaro‚ 1885)‚ defined a country’s economic growth as
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It is certainly obvious that without any form of government in a particular geographical location the political‚social and economic stand of the state is going to fall. This brings about the topic “the relevance of government in the development of the society”‚ which I am going to discuss in the following paragraphs. First and foremost the term government means the act and process especially the control and administration of public policy in a political unit‚ the office‚ function‚or authority of
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its advantages and disadvantages to Nigeria. Introduction: Nigeria is a country located in West Africa; it has a population of about 160‚027‚000 (World Economic Fact Book 2010). Its main produce is oil and petroleum; the country is also a key producer of rice‚ cocoa and palm-oil in West Africa. (See Appendix 1).Nigeria belongs to a number of economic blocs
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Kennedy’s A Nation of Immigrants at a time when the issue of immigration and immigrants has taken center stage in this country‚ the message of President John F. Kennedy’s classic essay A Nation of Immigrants is as relevant today as it was 50 years ago. That is why the Anti-Defamation League (ADL) and publisher Harper Perennial have reissued this landmark essay on the contribution of immigrants to American society. With a new introduction by Senator Edward M. Kennedy‚ A Nation of Immigrants
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A great nation is a country that maintains an economy that grows exponentially‚ possesses a government that holds a worldly power‚ and has a population who is given life‚ liberty and the right to pursue happiness. The United States of America is a country like no other. It has encountered numerous conflicts and has found solutions that keep it prospering. It has been at the lowest of lows to come out at the highest of highs. The economy of the United States has transformed in a prodigious fashion
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Shell Oil in Nigeria 1. What are some of the factors explaining why corruption and bribery are so high in Nigeria? Nigeria is considered to be one of the most corrupt countries in the world. Many different forms of corruption are familiar to Nigeria including political corruption‚ bureaucratic corruption‚ electoral corruption‚ embezzlement‚ and bribery. Corruption has even been said to be a viable enterprise in Nigeria due to the involvement of citizens‚ government officials‚ and private
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