follows. Cost Items and Account Balances $ Administrative salaries 15‚500 Advertising for helmets 11‚000 Cash ‚ December 1 0 Depreciation – Factory Building 1‚500 Depreciation – Office Equipment 800 Insurance – Factory Building 1‚500 Miscellaneous expenses - Factory 1‚000 Office supplies expense 300 Professional Fees 500 Property Taxes - Factory Building 400 Raw material used 70‚000 Rent on production equipment 6‚000 Research & development 10‚000 Sales commission 40‚000 Utility Costs - Factory
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29 4. Entrepreneurs are pessimists who see the cup half empty‚ rather than half full. ANS: F PTS: 1 NAT: AACSB Reflective Thinking | Motivation Concepts KEY: pg 29 5. The Academy of Management Review is an example of a journal used in entrepreneurial research. ANS: T PTS: 1 NAT: AACSB Reflective Thinking | Motivation Concepts KEY: pg 29 6. Government publications are used in researching small business. ANS: T PTS: 1 NAT:
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each purpose discuss whether information about current or future product costs is required. What implication does your answer have for developing a product costing system? L-S‚ T & H‚ page 131. Purpose Current / Future Product Costs Short-term decisions: product mix‚ pricing Future Longer-term strategic decisions Future Long-term pricing Future Plan future product-related costs Future Control of product costs Current Reimbursement contracts Current External reporting (inventory
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Generally‚ the term cost of production refers to the ‘money expenses’ incurred in the production of a commodity. But money expenses are not the only expenses incurred on the production of a commodity. There are number of services and inputs such as entrepreneurship‚ land‚ capital etc.‚ which are offered by an entrepreneur without changing any price or receiving any payment for them. While computing the total cost of production‚ allowance should be made for such expenses. It is therefore essential
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ACTIVITY COST BEHAVIOR LEARNING OBJECTIVES AFTER STUDYING THIS CHAPTER‚ YOU SHOULD BE ABLE TO: 1. Define and describe fixed‚ variable‚ and mixed costs. 2. Explain the use of the resources and activities and their relationship to cost behavior. 3. Separate mixed costs into their fixed and variable components using the high-low method‚ the scatterplot method‚ and the method of least squares. 4. Evaluate the reliability of the cost formula. 5. Explain how multiple regression can be used to
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ASSIGNMENT ON COST CONTROL AND COST FREDUCTION SUBMITTED BY‚ MOHAMMED NAFAISE E.K ROLL NO: 1600 COST CONTROLL & COST REDUCTION COST CONTROL The practice of managing and/or reducing business expenses. Cost controls starts by the businesses identifying what their costs are and evaluate whether those costs are reasonable and affordable .Then if necessary
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Reason for variance: 1.Price/rate/spending variances: Standard is out of date; Standard set without due care; Efficient or inefficient buying (e.g.‚ discounts); Buying different quality material from standard; Buying materials from a non‑usual source due to urgency; Utilising different labour from standard; Price changes due to economic conditions; scarcity of supplies; Choosing to incur additional discretionary fixed costs; More (or less) overtime hours used than budgeted. 2. Efficiency/usage/quantity
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fsdfsdsdfSuppose sales in 2001 equal 26‚000 units‚ as budgeted in January‚ and that actual manufacturing expenses turn out to equal budgeted expenses. Prepare an income statement for the year (just include the manufacturing expenses) that will help senior management and the board understand the economics of cartridge production in 2001. 5. Work through the Youngstown Products numerical example (below). Youngstown Products‚ a supplier to the automotive industry‚ had seen its operating margins
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------------------------------------------------- ASSIGNMENT ON COST CONTROL AND COST REDUCTION ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------
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40‚000 | | 100‚000 | | 404 | | | | 20‚000 | 20‚000 | 40‚000 | | 405 | | | | | 20‚000 | 20‚000 | | Total | 90‚000 | 120‚000 | 90‚000 | 60‚000 | 40‚000 | 400‚000 | 2 Physical Measures Method | Produced | Proportion | Joint Cost Allocation | Unit Cost | 401 | 90‚000 | (90‚000/400‚000)0.225 or 22.5% | (200‚000 x 0.225)45‚000 | (45‚000/90‚000)0.5 | 402 | 120‚000 | (120‚000/400‚000)0.3 or 30% | (200‚000 x 0.3)60‚000 | (60‚000/120‚000)0.5 | 403 | 90‚000 | (90‚000/400‚000)0.225 or 22.5%
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