Integrated Planning – Module 2 1 Agenda • Forecasting‚ • Factors influencing Demand • Basic Demand Patterns • Basic Principles of Forecasting • Principles of Data Collection • Basic Forecasting Techniques‚ Seasonality • Sources & Types of Forecasting Errors Forecasting can be conducted at various levels Strategic Required for • Product life cycle • Long-term capacity planning • Capital asset/equipment/ human resource management Examples • Product line transitions • Annual volume out
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of future events. In technical terms‚ conditional on what one knows‚ what can one say about the future? Forecasting techniques include uni-variant‚ multi-variant‚ and qualitative analysis. Time series used to forecast future trends include exponential smoothing‚ ARIMA (Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average) and trend analysis. Multi-variant prediction methods include multi regression model‚ econometrics‚ and state space. Delphi marketing research‚ situational analysis‚ and historical analogue belong
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1. Deterministic techniques assume that no uncertainty exists in model parameters. 2. A continuous random variable may assume only integer values within a given interval. 3. A joint probability is the probability that two or more events that are mutually exclusive can occur simultaneously. 4. A decision tree is a diagram consisting of circles decision nodes‚ square probability nodes‚ and branches 5. Starting conditions have no impact on the validity of a simulation model. 6. A table of random
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3-month weighted moving average to smooth the time series. Use a weight of 0.4 for the most recent period‚ 0.4 for the next period back‚ and 0.2 for the third period back. Forecast the closing price for December 15‚ 1997. c. Use exponential smoothing with a smoothing constant of α = 0.35 to smooth the time series. Forecast the closing price for December 15‚ 1997. d. Which of the three methods do you prefer? Why? Q2: Hudson Marine has been an authorized dealer for C&D marine radios for the past
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[3] d) Plot the original data and the three forecasts on the same graph. Which forecast smoothes the data the most? Which forecast responds to change the best? [4] Problem 2 [4] Given the following data‚ use exponential smoothing (( = 0.3) to develop a demand forecast. Assume the forecast for the initial period is 5. |Period 1 2 3 4 5 6 | |Demand 7 9 5 9 13 8
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Business forecasting is the process of studying historical performance for the purpose of using the knowledge gained to project future business conditions so that decisions can be made today that will aid in the achievement of established goals. Forecasting plays a crucial role in today’s uncertain global marketplace. Forecasting is traditionally either qualitative or quantitative‚ with each offering specific advantages and disadvantages. Qualitative and Quantitative Forecasting TechniquesForecasting
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Forecasting Business forecasting is the process of studying historical performance for the purpose of using the information gained to project future business conditions so that decisions can be made today that will assist in the achievement of certain goals. Forecasting involves taking historical date and using it to project future data with a mathematical model. Forecasts are extensively used to support business decisions and direct the work of operations managers. In this paper I will introduce
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Production‚ Forecasting Inventory Management & Quality Control 1 Types of Production: 1- Piece production (≈ 20 parts) 2- Lot (batch) production (≈ 500 parts) 3- Mass production (> 1000 parts) 4- Continuous production (oil‚ gas… chemicals) 2 r 3 Inputs: They represent the required resources for production‚ and are known as the 5 basic M’s of production system. They include Money‚ Materials‚ Manpower‚ Methods and Machines. They can be extended to Market
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Competitive Priorities The critical dimensions that a process or supply chain must possess to satisfy its internal or external customers‚ both now and in the future. Competitive capabilities The cost‚ quality‚ time‚ and flexibility dimensions that a process or supply chain actually possesses and is able to deliver. Order Winners The criterion customers use to differentiate the services or products of one firm from those of another. Productivity The value of outputs (services and products)
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OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT MGCR 472 ASSIGNMENT # 1 (Total 100 points) Due on 7th October (Thursday) by 5pm Make sure to write the name‚ student # and section # for each student in the group on the cover page of the assignment 1. Suppose you/your group is the owner of a company that produces e-readers. The present production rate is 1000 e-readers /day and the selling price is $210/unit. It requires 200 workers working 8 hours/day to produce the e-readers and they are paid $20/hour. The material
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