External environment External Factors (environment) - It is the external forces that are beyond the control of the individual business A number of external factors can affect business (STEEPLE analysis) - economy - These are factors outside the business - political/government policy that may affect its - social decisions. - External factors that - technological may present opportunities - ecological or threats to - legal a business - ethics Economy – business need to observe the economic
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Equity is defined as the sentencing principle that similar crimes and similar criminals should be treated alike. (Frank Schmalleger‚ 2007)Equity in sentencing has been an issue for quite a while. It has sparked heated discussions in the U.S. Congress‚ as well as arguments among community members. Supporters of equity in sentencing try to inspire changes to our current legislation‚ and its opponents are attempting to abolish it in its entirety. The Federal Drug Abuse Act of 1986 created the guidelines
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Owners ’ Equity Paper Owners ’ Equity Paper Owners’ equity (OE) in a corporation rises or falls with the profitability of that corporation. OE equals the net assets of a corporation and is made up of two main components‚ paid-in capital and earned capital. Paid-in capital is made up of the funds provided by stockholders also known as contribution capital‚ and any additional paid-in capital from other sources. Earned capital consists of the retained earnings of a corporation and is derived from
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seen renewed interest due to pressing global problems such as climate change and poverty. Multinational enterprises (MNEs) are regarded as playing a specific role given their global influence and activities in which they are confronted with a range of issues‚ stakeholders and institutional contexts‚ in both home and host countries. Their potential in being not only part of the problem‚ but also perhaps part of the solution‚ is increasingly recognised and has come to the fore in research interest in corporate
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Internal Control Definition Internal control is broadly defined as a process‚ effected by an entity’s board of trustees‚ management‚ and other personnel‚ designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the achievement of objectives in the following categories: 1. Effectiveness and efficiency of operations 2. Reliability of financial reporting 3. Compliance with applicable laws and regulations 4. Safeguarding of assets Internal control consists of five interrelated components:
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Definition of debt and equity 4 a) Definition of Debt 4 b) Definition of equity 5 2. Example of mix structure capital 5 IV. TECHNICAL SECTION 11 1. Debt Financing – Pros & Cons 11 a) Definition and Classifications of Debt Financing 11 b) Advantages of Debt Financing 14 c) Disadvantages of Debt Financing 15 2. Equity Financing – Pros & Cons 16 a) Definition & Classifications of Equity Financing 16 b) Advantages of Equity Financing 18 c) Disadvantages of Equity Financing 19
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External analysis How can a smartphone company use external analysis to gain competitive advantage? 1. Apply 5 forces model for the smartphone industry According to Hill and Jones‚ the five forces model serves the purpose to identify opportunities and threats in the external business environment‚ by analysing “competitive forces” (Hill & Jones‚ 2012‚ p. 42). Once created by Michel E. Porter this particular framework functioned as a useful tool for managers to approach the external analysis
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MASTERS OF SCIENCE IN BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION EQUITY RESEARCH: CIMPOR TOMÁS LAVIN PEIXE 152110052 ADVISOR: PROF. JOSÉ TUDELA MARTINS Dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of requirements for the degree of International MSC in Business Administration‚ at Universidade Católica Portuguesa‚ September‚ 2012 I. Preface The goal of this dissertation is to value Cimentos de Portugal‚ SGPS‚ S.A‚ hereon stated as Cimpor. In order to do that‚ the main
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Chapter 5: Internal Control over Financial Reporting 1. Internal control is a process designed to guarantee the achievement of the objectives of reliable financial reporting‚ compliance with laws and regulations and ineffective and inefficient operations. FALSE 2. Auditing standards require that the auditor exercise professional judgment and maintain professional skepticism throughout the planning and performance of the audit. TRUE 3. If internal controls are not enforced they are useless
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Internal communication is the epoxy that holds an organization alongside one another. Devoid of it‚ you’re just a collection of disconnected individuals each working individually at her own job. With it‚ you’re a unit with power far beyond the sum of your parts. So Internal Communication‚ in an enterprise perspective‚ is the dialogic course of action between employees and employer‚ and employees and employees. The research shows that a excellent internal communication can generate many positive
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