The remains of ancient plants can provide a wealth of archaeological information about a site‚ with many methods being available to the archaeologist engaged in extracting this data. Perhaps one of the most widely-known of these techniques‚ possibly because of its attractive nature‚ is pollen analysis - a technique developed in the early years of the twentieth century by‚ like so many archaeological techniques‚ a geologist -- the Norwegian Lennart van Post. To understand the technique and the uses
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Background on Genomic DNA Isolation and Purification Generally‚ all methods involve the disruption and lysis of cells. This is followed sometimes by the removal of RNA (by RNAses‚ salt or other methods). Choosing which method to use will depend on many selection factors including: DNA is isolated from proteins by several methods including digestion of proteins by the enzyme proteinase K. Proteins are removed subsequently by salting-out‚ organic extraction‚ or binding of the DNA to a solid-phase support
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Introduction In 2015 Congress passed the DNA Fingerprint Act‚ which required that‚ beginning January 1‚ 2009‚ any adult arrested for a federal crime provide a DNA sample. As of May 2013‚ 29 states‚ in addition to the federal government‚ have enacted arrestee DNA collection laws‚ which authorize collection of DNA following arrest or charging. A U.S. Supreme Court decision‚ Maryland v. King (2013)‚ upheld a Maryland state law that allowed for the warrantless collection of a DNA sample for those arrested for
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the structure of DNA. ➢ DNA is a nucleic acid‚ which consist of long chains (polymers) of chemical units (monomers) called nucleotide. A molecule of DNA contains two polynucleotides‚ each a chain of nucleotides. Each nucleotide consists of a nitrogenous base‚ a sugar‚ and a phosphate group. Each DNA strand serves as a mold‚ or template‚ to guide reproduction of the other strand. There are four different types of nucleotides found in DNA‚ differing only in the nitrogenous base. DNA is contained in
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forefront is DNA vaccination. DNA vaccines are bacterial plasmids that encode the polypeptide sequence
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EXPERIMENT NO. 1 AIM: To perform isolation of the genomic DNA from the bacterial cell. REQUIREMENTS: Biological: Bacterial culture (DH5α) Chemical: Solution 1 - 10ml • Glucose (50mM) - 500μl • Tris-Cl (pH 8.0‚ 25mM) - 250μl • EDTA (pH 8.0‚ 10mM) - 200μ Solution 2 • SDS (1%) Phenol: chloroform: isoamylalcohol (25:24:1)‚ Absolute ethanol‚ 70% ethanol‚ Sterile distilled water Apparatus: Micropipettes‚ conical flask‚ measuring
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Many people have had experiences with their families when they were younger that left them feeling ashamed or upset. In Amy Tan’s short story "Fish Cheeks‚" the author describes an embarrassing moment with her family that she only came to appreciate later in life. Tan was initially uncomfortable with how her traditional family behaved in front of guests‚ thinking they wanted to embarrass her. However‚ she eventually realized that their intention was to instill pride in her culture. Tan initially
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World”‚ she recounts a scene of a boxing match between Joe Louis and Carnera in which the outcome of the match was very important because it would determine whether the blacks would be subjugated to the whites or not. Similarly‚ in Amy Tan’s “Fish Cheeks”‚ she remembers a story of when she was fourteen during Christmas when her crush and his father were invited to their house‚ she felt embarrassed at her family‚ the food‚ and Chinese traditions. Both stories mention nationalities which feel inferior
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(macroscopic) • Carried from the heart throughout the body by the systemic arteries Deoxygenated • T state (tense) • When no O2 is present the iron attached to each heme makes it into a dome shape • The color of deoxygenated blood is blue (macroscopic) • Carried from the body back to the heart by the systemic veins to be re – oxygenated in the lungs BOHR EFFECT • O2 in lungs bound to hemoglobin • Hgb travels through the body picking up CO2 from the cells and lowers the pH level
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RECOMBINANT DNA TECHNOLOGY * It is a technology that allows DNA to be produced via artificial means. * It is the joining together of DNA molecules from two different species that are inserted into a host organism to produce new genetic combinations that are of value to science‚ medicine‚ agriculture‚ and industry. * Since the focus of all genetics is the gene‚ the fundamental goal of laboratory geneticists is to isolate‚ characterize‚ and manipulate genes. Although it is relatively
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