DNA Extraction from Fruit 1. What was the purpose of adding liquid soap and salt in step #1 and how does NaCl contribute to maximum DNA extraction. The purpose of using soap was to destroy the membranes inside a kiwi cell. Soap helped with that because it dissolves the membranes easily. Salt or NaCl was used to remove proteins and carbohydrates. NaCl caused the proteins and carbohydrates to precipitate. 2. Why was it necessary to “mush” the kiwi by hand? If the step was omitted‚ what
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structures and properties of amino acids know the groups of amino acid What are amino acids? Amino acids are molecules that when combined with each other proteins. Amino acids contain a central tetrahedral carbon atom (α-carbon) amine group‚ carboxyl group‚ R-side chain The R-side chain determines the different amino acids There are 20 common amino acids Amino acids can join via peptide bonds Several amino acids occur only rarely in proteins Some amino acids are not found in proteins 3D
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2.3.3 Feature Extraction Feature extraction deals with the extraction of the distinctive features out of face images so that those face images can be differentiated among each other. There are several algorithms available for extracting features out of a face image. The most common is the use of mathematical formulas that generate a mathematical representation of a face image that is termed as a template‚ these templates are “the refined‚ processed and stored representation of the distinguishing
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ICSE Class X Chapter 5 Hydrogen Chloride and Hydrochloric Acid Hydrogen chloride (HCl) : Formula : HCl Nature : Covalent. Molecular Mass : 36·5u [i.e. HCl = 1 + 35·5 = 36·5] Occurrence : (i) Present in gastric juices. (ii) Present in volcanic gases. Laboratory preparation of HCl gas : Hydrogen chloride gas is prepared in laboratory by heating conc. H2SO4 with NaCl. NaCl + H2SO4 Heat → NaCl + NaHSO4 Heat → NaHSO4 + HCl Sodium hydrogen sulphate Na2SO4 + HCl
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Acidic‚ Basic and Neutral Substances by Extraction KEYWORDS Solubility‚ density‚ organic layer‚ aqueous layer‚ drying agent‚ protonation‚ recrystallization‚ neutralization‚ extraction ABSTRACT: The purpose of this experiment is to separate the substances in the acidic mixture and identify each constituent in the mixture that were individually separated using extraction. Three reaction tubes were used in the experiment. An acidic mixture containing benzoic acid‚ naphthalene‚ and phenol was weighed
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REPORT EXPERIMENT 9 CARBOXYLIC ACID AND DERIVATIVES Date: January 19‚ 2004 Objectives: 1. To understand the reactions of carboxylic compounds and derivatives. 2. To know the methods for preparing carboxylic acid derivatives. 3. To know the methods for testing the carboxylic acid derivatives. Experimental Procedures: 9.1 Solubility 1. Prepare 3 test tubes with 3 ml of water in each. 2. Place 3 drops of acetic acid‚ benzoic acid‚ and oxalic acid in separate test tubes. 3. Shake and observe
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The unknown carboxylic acid’s melting point was 108°C according to the Mel-Temp machine. The melting point is the temperature at which a solid precipitate changes into its liquid form upon heating. The melting point of benzoic acid‚ the aromatic carboxylic acid was 122°C. Thus‚ the product contained impurities which caused the solid to melt at a lower temperature than the actual temperature. Pure solids typically melt at higher temperatures while impure solids melt at lower temperatures. This is
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MANUFACTURE OF ACRYLIC ACID BY PARTIAL OXIDATION OF PROPYLENE Submitted by‚ P.V.R.Krishna Prasad. M.Prem Kumar. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT We hereby place our sincere thanks to Dr.R.KARTHIKEYAN‚ Head of the Department of Chemical Engineering ‚ Faculty of Engineering and Technology‚ S.R.M University and the faculty members of Chemical Engineering Department for their full hearted co-operation and encouragement for the completion of this project. We extend our thanks to our Project guide Mr
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INTERNATIONALE PHARMACEUTICA SCIENCIA | Jan-March 2011 | Vol. 1 | Issue 1 | Available online http://www.ipharmsciencia.com ©2011 IPS REVIEW ARTICLE Phytochemical screening and Extraction: A Review ABSTRACT Plants are a source of large amount of drugs comprising to different groups such as antispasmodics‚ emetics‚ anti-cancer‚ antimicrobials etc. A large number of the plants are claimed to possess the antibiotic properties in the traditional system and are also used extensively by the tribal people
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is cultivated for its many uses. The plant is a large tree from 12 to 25 meters in height. The pods are oblong‚ thickened‚ and 6 to 15 centimetres by 2 to 3 centimeters‚ slightly compressed‚ and provided with a thin‚ crustaceous epicarp and a pulpy‚ acid‚ edible mesocarp. The young leaves flowers‚ leaves‚ and young pods are being used by people for seasoning foods like “sinigang”. The pulp surrounding the seeds‚ called “malasebo” is eaten outright either with or without salt (E. Quisumbing‚ 1951).
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