Liquid CO2 Extraction of D-Limonene This convenient‚ effective and inexpensive liquid CO2-based extraction of a natural product (D-limonene) provides an engaging example of natural products extraction using an alternative solvent (liquefied CO2). Because the procedure can be carried out in a polypropylene centrifuge tube and uses crushed dry ice as its CO2 source‚ it provides an inexpensive alternative to the equipment-intensive extraction with supercritical CO2. A short video clip is available
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DISTILLATION ABSTRACT Distillation‚ one of the most significant method for separating a liquid mixture and its components‚ is a process that relies on differences by the ease of vaporization of the components. The purpose of this process is either the separation of a mixture of volatile components from nonvolatile materials is carried out by a simple distillation in which the material is placed to distill and heated‚ the vapor from the substance is removed and condensed. In this activity
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p-dichlorobenzene from its mixture using acid-alkaline extraction. 2. To determine the percentage recovery and melting point of benzoic acid and p-diclorobenzene. Apparatus:Separatory funnel(250mL)‚Buchner funnel‚beaker. Materials:Benzoic acid‚p-dichlorobenzene‚ether‚10% NaOH‚conc.HCl‚distilled water‚ anhydrous CaCl2. Introduction: Organic compounds in an aqueous mixture can be separated by shaking the aqueous solution with a solvent which is immiscible with water. Extraction involves dissolving
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Extracting DNA from Wheat Germ Cells Criteria to be assessed CE Introduction: DNA is the abbreviation for deoxyribonucleic acid. DNA is found in the nucleus of every cell & it stores the information that makes up living organisms. It is a double helix of 4 nucleotides. It contains a code that allows the body to make up proteins. The nucleotides are Cytosine‚ Guanine‚ Adenine and Thymine. (1) Wheat germ comes from wheat seeds. The ’ germ ’ is the embryo‚ which is the part of
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A Seminar Report On Working Principal of Steam jet refrigeration system Submitted by Amit Prakash Roll No-1126004 Department of Mechanical Engineering National Institute of Technology‚ Patna Patna-800005‚ Bihar (India)
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The Steam Engine and its Inventors The invention and modernization of the steam engine which was one of the most important technologies in the Industrial Revolution. Without the steam engine‚ humanity would most likely still be in pre-industrial times without our current technology. Despite this‚ the first generation of steam engines were not very effective. Thomas Savery was the first person to invent a steam engine used to pump water out of mines.1 Thomas Savery’s engine was very impractical and
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The purpose of the DNA extraction lab was not only to inform students on how DNA is present in humans and all organisms‚ but to also educate them on how DNA can be extracted using common household materials. Also‚ the lab was very efficient as it introduced the students to extracting their own DNA found on their cheek cells as well as letting them take an observation on how DNA appears or how it is formed. Additionally‚ students were instructed through a very clear and simple procedure‚ which guided
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THE EXTRACTION OF DNA THE EXTRACTION OF DNA 07/02/2013 | By Laura Green‚ Tasnim Rahman and Sandra Strammiello | Table of Contents DNA………………………………………………………………………………………..………… 2 The Discovery of DNA…………………………………………………………………………...…………..…………. 4 The Steps for Extracting DNA…………………………………………………………………………………………….…..… 5 Experiment: Which Product Can the Most Visible Amount of DNA Be Extracted From?..............................................................................................
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EXPERIMENT 2: BATCH DISTILLATION AT CONSTANT REFLUX OBJECTIVE: To operate a batch distillation unit at constant reflux. To examine the change in top and bottom composition over time in a batch distillation. PROCEDURES: 1. Perform the general start-up procedures (Section 4). Refer appendix 1. 2. Record initial volume and refractive index of the liquid mixture in the reboiler. 3. Set the heater power to 1.5kW. 4. Set reflux timer to 10 second for set 1 and 30 second for set 2. ( Note: Set 1:
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increase of oil price contributed to production from heavy oil reservoirs in recent years. This paper investigates the heavy crude oil properties and evaluates the steam-assisted gravity drainage(SAGD) which has become the method of choice for oil sand producers and it is therefore critical to optimize this process. Analysis has been done to realize the influence of different parameters on SAGD. The effects of parameters such as horizontal well length‚ steam quality‚ viscosity‚ porosity‚ permeability
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