Abstract The purpose of this experiment was to perform a liquid-liquid extraction method to extract the caffeine from the tea bags that were provided‚ and then recrystallize the caffeine. The solvents used in the experiment were an aqueous sodium carbonate and dichloromethane (DCM). Anhydrous calcium chloride pellets were used to dry the solution and emulsion layer and the DCM was then decanted. After washing the anhydrous calcium chloride pellets with more DCM‚ the solvent was evaporated‚ leaving
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Revolution‚ the steam engine is the most significant one‚ as it led to portable power. Throughout the Industrial Revolution‚ inventors and scientists harnessed portable power through steam engines for a multitude of tasks. The steam engine was originally invented by Thomas Newcomen‚ and was later improved and patented by James Watt in 1769. It worked by releasing steam into a chamber‚ which then expanded and pushed against a piston that moved. The movement of
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The steam engine was created by James Watt during the industrial revolution from 1763 to 1775‚ which took place in Britain. The steam engine created during the industrial revolution by James Watt was an improvement of design of how to use the steam engine more easily‚ from the creation of the steam engine in 1712 by Thomas Newcomen. The first steam engine ever created‚ was created by Thomas Savery in England in 1698‚ which was a steam pump used for pumping water from coal mine. The purpose of inventing
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Unit Test Science V I. Match the animals with how they get and eat their food. Write only the letter. 1. Snake a. sucking blood with their tiny tubes 2. Frog b.using beaks to get their prey 3. Birds c. coiling their bodies to their prey 4. Lion d. catching insects with their sticky tongue 5. Mosquitoes e. tearing meat with their strong pointed teeth B. 1. mammals a. they have dry scaly skin 2. birds b. they have mammary gland that produce milk to feed
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Procedure 2: DNA Extraction from Cheek Cells Materials: Water‚ Clear Dish Soap‚ Table Salt‚ Isopropyl Alcohol (70%) or Ethanol‚ Food Coloring 1. To 200 Ml drinking water add two teaspoons of salt 2. Gargle the salt water for 1 minute. 3. Spit the gargled water into a beaker (or new cup). Now your cheek cells are suspended in the salt water. 4. Gently stir the salt water with one drop of soap (try to avoid air bubbles) 5. In a separate beaker (or cup)‚ mix 20 ml isopropyl alcohol and 1-3 drops
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bicarbonate was filtered using the Büchner funnel. The mass of an evaporating dish was measured and the dichloromethane placed in the evaporating dish and placed on steam bath until it evaporated into a solid. The evaporating dish containing naphthalene was weighed to determine the yield. 5. A funnel was placed on the evaporating dish on the steam bath to collect some sublimating crystals which were used to determine the melting point. 6. The bicarbonate extract was acidified with concentrated HCl. A piece
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Reuven Ilyayev Lab Instructor: Maciej Domaradzki Labs 3 & 4 09/19/11 Objective: In steam distillation lab (lab 3)‚ we must obtain pure Eugenol from cloves through the process of steam distillation. In the crystallization lab (lab 4) part 1‚ we must acquire the best possible pure crystallization of acetylsalicylic acid from aspirin and in part 2 we must obtain a similar pure crystallization of benzil from an impure mixture of benzil. Materials: In lab 3‚ we used 75 g of cloves from
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DATE: September 16‚ 2012 TO: Patricia Bennett‚ Supervising Principal FROM: Connor Sims‚ Associate SUBJECT: Oil Drilling & Gas Extraction Industry in the US Analysis (21111) This report presents information regarding the industry‚ the primary operator of oil and gas field properties. The industry fuels its key buyers‚ the Natural Gas Distribution (22121) and the Petroleum Refining (32411) industries‚ with crude oil and natural gas. The industry continuously battles
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We wanted to extract‚ see and analyze DNA from a single strawberry( 12.11 g). The long‚ thick fibers of DNA store the information for the functioning of the chemistry of life. DNA is present in every cell of plants and animals. The DNA found in strawberry cells can be extracted using common‚ everyday materials. To start the procedure we needed the following supplies; one strawberry‚ one plastic cup‚ 10 ml of Cell Lysis Buffer (10% detergent‚ 1% NaCl)‚ one plastic zip-lock bag‚ one coffee filter‚
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identify and review theories on steam engine and to identify the deficiencies of those theories. Related Literature In general usage‚ the term ‘steam’ is the invisible vapor into which water is converted when it boils. On the contrary‚ it is the cloud of water droplets formed by the partial condensation of this vapor as it is cooled. [1] Steam is the technical term for ‘water vapor’‚ the gaseous phase of water. Since it is a vapor‚ it is logical that the density of steam is much less than that of water
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