BASICS OF ITEM RESPONSE THEORY THE FRANK B. BAKER BASICS OF ITEM RESPONSE THEORY THE FRANK B. BAKER University of Wisconsin Clearinghouse on Assessment and Evaluation The Basics of Item Response Theory by Frank B. Baker Second edition Published by the ERIC Clearinghouse on Assessment and Evaluation Copyright © 2001 ERIC Clearinghouse on Assessment and Evaluation All rights reserved. Editors: Carol Boston‚ Lawrence Rudner Design: Laura Chapman Cover: Laura Chapman
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been asked many times and answered in many different ways. Two interesting theories used to examine the development of Global South are: the Classical Economic Theory‚ also known as the Modernization Theory and the Dependency Theory. Perhaps one of these theories is more likely than the other to explain living conditions and the lack of development in the Global South. According to modernization theory‚ there are steps “to success” for every country. As described by Walt Rostow
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The Management Theory Jungle Author(s): Harold Koontz Source: The Journal of the Academy of Management‚ Vol. 4‚ No. 3 (Dec.‚ 1961)‚ pp. 174-188 Published by: Academy of Management Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/254541 . Accessed: 13/01/2014 14:42 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use‚ available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp . JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars‚ researchers‚ and
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lead faculty and staff. Leadership within the educational system has evolved over the years to become a more participative rather than a domineering style. The purpose of the paper is to explore in detail educational leadership theories. Educational Leadership Theories Leaders are not born; however‚ they do have natural traits that affect their abilities. In recent years‚ Educational accountability has been the focus of state and local governments. Federal and state achievement standards are
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Prescriptive Theory and Descriptive Theory 3 Economic Theory 4 Decision Usefulness Theory 5 Critical Accounting Theory and Critical Theory 6 System-Oriented Theories 7 Open System Theories 8 Behavioral Decision Theory 9 Legitimacy Theory 10 Political Economy Theory 11 Institutional Theory 12 Stakeholder Theory 13 Agency Theory 14 Normative Theory 15 Public Interest Theory 16 Capture Theory 17 Economic Interest Theory/Private Interest Theory 17 Positive
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Summarise two theories of identity and compare their usefulness for explaining the real-world issues discussed in Chapter 1‚ ‘Identities and Diversities ’ I aim to present two psychological theories; Psychosocial-Identity-Theory and Social-Identity-theory (SIT)including their historical and biographical context and corresponding theorizers as it is likely that they were greatly shaped by these factors. Erik Erikson’s theory of Psychosocial-Identity associates identity as being shaped in response
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Personal Criminological Theory: What Causes Crime? April Cox CJA/540 Criminological Theory October 3‚ 2011 Angela Williams Personal Criminological Theory: What Causes Crime? Over the centuries of time various scientists have tried to explain the reasons behind the causes associated with crime and criminal behavior. Dozens of theories have been argued both for and against one another to address the question as to what causes individuals to commit crime. The goal of this paper
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Portfolio assignment 1: Motivation theories There are many theories about motivation from different aspects that study some phenomenon in working circumstances such as the arousal or energizing of the organism and the direction of behavior. (Vroom‚ 1984‚ p.8) Just like many important concepts in psychology‚ there is no single universally accepted definition of motivation. Arnold (2005‚ P.309) considered that “Motivation concerns what drives a person’s choice of what to do‚ and how long they keep
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Canadian Women in the Workforce: 1940’s to the 1970’s The 1940’s to the 1970’s were 30 short years‚ but resulted in a huge revolutionary change to Canadian women and their place in the workforce. The women who lived during this time period fought for the rights that working women have today. Women went from working in their homes to working in stores‚ factories‚ and running the farm. There were plenty of things women had to overcome during this time‚ such as; filling in the job market during WWII
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Sociology 100 2012-09-24 Lamarck’s theory Before Lamarck‚ not even scientists and scholars have the idea of finding the genesis of life on earth. What was widely accepted at that time was that the world was created by God. Creatures acted in certain patterns as they were made to be. Also organisms were not considered to be changeable over time. Two hundred years ago‚ however‚ Jean-Baptiste Lamarck (hereinafter referred to as Lamarck)‚ raised the first theory of evolution which totally disputed
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