31 October 2011 Identification and observations of Citrobacter Freundii Introduction Citrobacter Freundii is a species of bacteria that can be potentially harmful to humans. It is known to cause meningitis by protruding into the brain and replicating itself (1). The Citrobacter species has also been found as a cause of some urinary tract infections‚ diarrhea‚ and even gastrointestinal diseases and symptoms (3). C. Freundii can be located in a wide variety of soils and water (3). Lastly‚ it is
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In conclusion‚ the issues that need to be addressed in order to effectively improve the legal system are‚ power imbalance‚ gender and racial bias‚ socio-economic status‚ and the sporting theory of justice. The first issue I’m going to discuss is the power imbalance in court causes inequality and separation. This is the case where one side holds more power from their social status or their ability to present the case. An example that we discussed in class was the case of R.v.S (1997) explained the
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responsibility seems to lie in chasing away potential food thieves. Smaller groups are offered protection for a price and larger groups are able to provide their own security and thus avoid the cost of dealing with kleptoparasites (Ridley 2006). This facultative response the babbler displays‚ shows that there may be a strain in how the food is proportioned to members in larger
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faecalis Streptococcus faecalis also known as strep D‚ is now known as Enterococcus faecalis. Enterococcus faecalis is part of the Enterococcaceae family. This organism is a gram positive and usually occurs in pairs called diplococci. It is facultative anaerobic‚ and is nonmotile. This organism is a lactose fermenter and can be grown in 6.5% NaCL. Enterococcus faecalis is considered non-hemolytic‚ meaning it does not break down blood cells. Enterococcus faecalis is part of normal flora in the
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causes of hospital-acquired infections which has resulted to a lot of deaths each year. Description Staphylococcus aureus is a gram-positive bacteria which indicates that it has a cell wall structure with a thick layer of peptidoglycan. It is a facultative anaerobe which allows it to perform aerobic respiration in the presence of oxygen and to undergo fermentation without the presence of oxygen. It does not produce spores. It is non-motile. It is considered as a “colonizing bacteria” since it persists
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Haemophilus ducreyi (H. ducreyi) is a coccobacillus bacterium that causes the sexually transmitted disease Chancroid. Chancroid is a major cause of genital ulceration in developing countries‚ and is characterized by painful sores on the genitalia. (Labandeira-Rey et al.‚ 2009) H. ducreyi is an opportunistic microorganism that infects its host through breaks in the skin. Chancroid starts as an erythematous papular lesion that becomes painful bleeding ulcers with necrotic bases and ragged edges (Alfa
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The etiology of the Bubonic Plague is Yersinia Pestis. It is a bacterium that is gram-negative and a rod-shaped coccobacillus. The bacteria is facultative anaerobic (it does not need air to survive). It is a non-spore forming zoonotic disease and secrets a thick layer of slime that stymies phagocytosis preventing the host’s immune system from destroying it. The kingdom of Yersinia Pestis is a bacterial micro-organism. The phylum is proteobacteria and the class is gammaproteobacteria. It is in the
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The Rickettsiae are small (0.3-0.5 x 0.8-2.0 um)‚ Gram-negative‚ aerobic‚ coccobacilli that are obligate intracellular parasites of eucaryotic cells. They may reside in the cytoplasm or within the nucleus of the cell that they invade. They divide by binary fission and they metabolize host-derived glutamate via aerobic respiration and the citric acid (TCA) cycle. They have typical Gram-negative cell walls‚ and they lack flagella. The rickettsiae frequently have a close relationship with arthropod
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Microbiology in odontogenic infections Most odontogenic infections contain mixed aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. predominant bacterial species present in oral cavity are maunly Streptococcus ‚ Peptostreptococcus‚ Veillonella‚ Lactobacillus‚ and Actinomyces . 11‚12 The mixed aerobic-anaerobic composition of the bacteria involved in suppurative odontogenic infections is thought to be important in the pathogenesis of infection. if bacteria involved in mixed odontogenic infections are isolated in pure
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novel approach that inhibits the bacterial pathogenesis and infection [1-3]. Chlamydia trachomatis is the main sexually transmitted bacterial pathogen and it causes pelvic inflammatory disease‚ ectopic pregnancy and infertility. Chlamydia species are obligate intracellular Gram-negative bacteria that have a unique biphasic developmental cycle: a metabolic
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