From brand values to customer value Martin Christopher Recently there has been a growing tide of articles‚ papers and even conferences devoted to the question of the future of marketing (see‚ for example Brady and Davis‚ 1993; Coopers & Lybrand‚ 1993; Mitchell‚ 1994). Essentially‚ the point at issue is whether “traditional” marketing is appropriate for the conditions that now prevail in the late twentieth century. The basic principle of marketing still applies‚ that is the focus of the business
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Definition of Value at Risk (VaR) Value at risk is a statistical technique which measures the level of financial risk in a portfolio over a specific time frame. For example‚ if a firm states that it has a 1% one week value at risk of $5 million; this would mean that for any given week‚ the firm would have a 1% chance of losing $5 million. In order words‚ 1 out of every 100 weeks‚ the firm would expect to have a loss of $5 million. This can be viewed as the standard deviation of portfolio value during
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family values‚ which appeared in yesterday’s edition‚ though I would like to share some of my own ideas and views on this subject. I do not wish to sound ambiguously and defensively‚ nevertheless I have few convincing remarks concerning your views. As you decidedly pointed out in your letter‚ family values have changed for the worse and most of teenagers are doing nothing but lazing around‚ however I dare to disagree with you at this point. Naturally‚ not only has family values changed over the past
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Net Present value is the difference between an investment’s market value and its cost. For an example‚ you invest 100 dollars (Cost) into a lemonade stand but you receive 50 dollars (Market Value) of cash inflow. Another would be you buy a house for 50‚000(Cost) But you sell it for 75‚000(Market Value). Your net present value An Investment should be accepted if the net present value is positive and it should be rejected if the net present value is negative. Net present value uses the discounted
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ECONOMIC VALUE Hong Kong prides itself as an open and international city with a level playing field for all. If we really want to be a world class city like New York‚ London or Toronto‚ we would need to demonstrate our tolerance and be receptive of people coming from diverse backgrounds. Literally we need to put our money where our mouth is‚ not just pay lip service to it but guarantee it by law. Hong Kong is a very multiracial society. We have many kinds of Chinese alone: Hong Kong Chinese‚ Mainland
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gordijn@cs.vu.nl 1 Introduction Companies increasingly form networked value constellations to jointly satisfy a complex need. Well known examples include the networked business model of Cisco Systems [Tapscott‚ D.‚ Ticoll‚ D.‚ & Lowy‚ A.‚ 2000] and the virtual integration of Dell Computers [Magretta‚ J.‚1998]. In a value constellation‚ a series of enterprises and final customers co-produce things of economic value‚ using network technology such as the Internet to coordinate this process. By
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in the case of Bancolombia. Change may also be forced on the organization unintentionally due to changes that occur inside the organization such as an unexpected structure change which was also the case for the parties involved in the Bancolombia merger. Organizations often choose a large-scale intervention when the task is complex or urgent‚ or when multiple people are required to accomplish it. Whatever the reason‚ the purpose of a cultural intervention in a large system is to make lasting change
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Values & Ethics Within this essay I will look at my own personal and professional development in relation to the case study of Mrs Begum‚ a British South Asian women aged 79 who has been diagnosed with vascular dementia. Although I recognise that there are many more values that could be explored I have chosen the following values to discuss; respect‚ self-determination and empowerment. I will also explore anti-oppressive and anti-discriminatory values in terms of age‚ disability and race as
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The Value of Culture On the relationship between economics and arts edited by Arja Klamer AM ST ERD AM UN IVE RSIT Y PRE SS The Value ofCulture The Value ofCulture On the Relationship between Economics and Arts Edited by Arjo Klamer AMSTERDAM UNIVERSITY PRESS Cover illustration: Vincent van Gogh‚ Le docteur Paul Gachet. Coli. Van Gogh Museum‚ Amsterdam Cover design: Marjolein Meijer‚ BEELDVORM‚ Leiden Typesctting: Bert Haagsman‚ MAGENTA‚ Amsterdam ISBN 90-5356-2I9-2
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the value of standing timberlands. Under US GAAP‚ standing timber is accounted for on a historical cost basis. On the other hand‚ the relevant accounting guidance under IFRS specified that agricultural crops (including standing timber) be valued at their fair market value less estimated harvesting costs at the end of each quarter. If the fair value of standing timber changed during the accounting period‚ several differences will incur between the treatment under US GAAP and IFRS. If the fair value
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