Can early insecure attachment doom the child to psychopathology in later life? Shaffer‚ (1993) defines attachment as a “close emotional relationship between two people two persons‚ characterised by mutual affection and desire to maintain proximity”. According to Browby‚ (1969) attachment behaviours are formed in infancy and help shape the attachment relationships people have as adults. Psychopathology’ refers to study of mental illness or mental health distress or the manifestation of behaviours
Premium Attachment theory Psychology
Attachment and Divorce: FAMILY CONSEQUENCES Bowlby ’s‚ Ainsworth ’s‚ and Shaver ’s research created the understanding that infant styles create a disposition for later behavioral traits. More current research has questioned the significance of how the disruption of the attachment structure (such as in divorce) can affect children ’s behaviors throughout life. The research on this topic is contradictory and somewhat inconclusive‚ with research asserting that either attachment style or
Premium Attachment theory Mary Ainsworth
usually develops reactive attachment disorder before the age of five years and it may be evident during the first months of infancy. Such children show maladaptive behaviors frequently and avoid interacting with others. The children diagnosed with reactive attachment disorder possess characteristics such as rudeness with humans and animals‚ and intentional lying where the child is aware of the fact that the other individual knows the truth. The Implications of Reactive Attachment Disorder Through a number
Premium Psychology Education Educational psychology
| Attachment Theory | 7th June 2010 | | By Sandra Thomas | | | Q1. Explain the development of attachment in infants. [Criteria 1.1 & 1.2)(500 words) (You are expected to consider the original explanation given by Bowlby and the alternative explanation by Schaffer and Emerson. I.e. Monotrophy vs. Multiple attachment and the stages as described by Bowlby) 529 words John Bowlby believed that in the early stages of child development the maternal relationship was the basis
Premium Attachment theory
Reactive Attachment Disorder (RAD) is a complex psychiatric disorder. A person with reactive attachment disorder is usually neglected‚ abused or orphaned. Reactive attachment disorder develops because the child’s needs for comfort‚ affection and nurturing aren’t met and loving attachments with others are never established. This may permanently change the child’s growing brain‚ which hurts the ability to establish future relationships. RAD is a lifelong illness and affects every aspect in the person’s
Premium
known‚ as the mother and father of attachment theory both became key figures in contributing to child development‚ with their ideas of personality development‚ together they changed the views of childcare practice and how mothers‚ reared their children‚ his views greatly influenced society‚ by identifying that a child first relationship was very important as this would effect them for the rest of their lives. Bowlby (1969) and Ainsworth (19740 described "Attachment as a deep‚ and enduring bond that
Premium Attachment theory Psychology Developmental psychology
Theories of attachment 1) “cupboard love” theories – psychodynamic/behaviourists 2) The ethological approach 3) Bowlbys evolutionary theory 4) Social learning theory Studying attachments and their loss can help us understand how early relationship experiences can affect later development What is attachment? An intense emotional relationship that is specific to two people that endure over time. Prolonged separation brings stress and sorrow 1‚ “cupboard love” theory – psychodynamic
Premium Sigmund Freud Classical conditioning Operant conditioning
The term ‘attachment’ makes reference to an intense and emotional relationship between two people. “It is not just a connection between two people. It is a bond that involves a persons desire for regular contact with that person and the experience of distress during separation from that person” (Ainsworth‚ M. 1958) Two of the biggest contributors to the understanding of attachment are Harry Harlow (1905 - 1981) and Mary Ainsworth (1913 - 1999). In 1958‚ psychologist Harry Harlow conducted a series
Premium Attachment theory John Bowlby Harry Harlow
According to Feldman (2008)‚ the emotional bond that develops between a child and a certain individual is referred to as attachment. In nonhumans‚ this process begins in the first days of life with “imprinting‚” which is essentially the infant’s readiness to learn (Lorenz‚ 1957‚ as cited in Feldman‚ 2008‚ p.89). The bond is facilitated by mother-child physical contact during imprinting. A similar phenomenon is observed between human mothers and their newborns‚ which is why mother’s are strongly encouraged
Premium Psychology Maslow's hierarchy of needs Developmental psychology
The development of attachment relationships between children and parents constitutes one of the most important aspects of human social and emotional development. For years‚ the predominant view of infant-caregiver attachment was that it was a “secondary drive” i.e. that any attachment formed was because of the infant associating the caregiver with providing for physical needs such as hunger. However‚ John Bowlby argued that attachment is an innate primary drive in the infant. This theory was reinforced
Premium Attachment theory