The current Italian constitution came into effect on 1st January 1948 and it was integral to Italy’s progression away from Fascism. After years of totalitarian rule under the dictatorship of Benito Mussolini‚ the clear aspiration of constitutional change was to create a ‘viable democratic regime that would embrace all citizens’ (Pasquino‚ 2000: 71). The new constitution‚ therefore‚ paid particular attention to democratic practices and put in place necessary checks in order to guarantee them. This
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the government and wants to change the system. Like Karl Marx‚ who created socialism‚ which led to communism. Bernard is conditioned to remain common and to not be an individual. This is what feared Huxley‚ who believed that Communism in Russia‚ Fascism in Italy and Nazi Germany would lead to the loss of individualism in society. The character Mustapha Mond
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To be more specific‚ General Mandible conveys a desire for a fascist type of government which is a type of dictatorship that “controls the lives of the people and in which people are not allowed to disagree with the government” (“Fascism”). Similar to a fascist leader‚ he is ultra nationalistic based on belief in national superiority. In the film‚ when General Mandible delivers his speech he states‚ “A proud colony‚ a pure colony. A colony reborn … The past will be washed away and
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How effective did Benito Mussolini manage Italian affairs between 1922 and 1945? (Refer to achieving and consolidating control‚ political economy‚ Italian affairs‚ foreign policy.) Benito Mussolini was born in 1883. In 1912 he became editor of the Avanti (a socialist newspaper.) In 1914 Mussolini left the socialist party over his pro-war views and formed his own newspaper ‘Il Popolo d’italia. In 1919 he formed the Fascist Party the ‘Fascio di Combattiemento’. The reasons for the rise of Mussolini
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Name Professor Course Date Totalitarianism and Mussolini’s Totalitarian Italy Totalitarianism and dictatorship are two concepts that confuse people because they are often used under the same contexts. However‚ such a case is not true. There is a wide difference between dictatorship and pure totalitarianism. Totalitarianism encompasses all the social concepts of life. It was first introduced by the Weimar Jurists of German in the 1920s. Carl Schmitt and some other German Fascists later adopted the
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During the early 1900’s‚ in the times of World War I‚ Spain had been under the rule of Miguel Primo de Rivera. Primo de Rivera went into power on September 13‚ 1923‚ and his dictatorship lasted for seven years‚ until his death in 1930. (Shlomo 65) And‚ in 1931‚ Spain “attempted to establish a parliamentary republic whose governments would reflect the outcomes of honest election.” (Jackson 272) And‚ through this republic‚ the government tried to establish democratic reforms to help the county deal
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A Qualitative Life in the Face of a Quantative Society: Sheelagh Morris’s “Letter to a Cat” Sheelagh Morris’s short story‚ “Letter to a Cat‚” is a dramatization of the conflict between two sets of life-values: the qualitative and the quantative. Norma is someone who has qualitative values‚ that is‚ someone who values such things as literature and art. We term such a person as one with qualitative values‚ because‚ even while such things as literature and art may be considered “valuable‚” they
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12/12/12 NATIONALISM For more than five centuries it has been‚ and remains‚ the world’s “most powerful idea”. Nationalism is a key characteristic of traditional global politics. Despite its strength however‚ nationalism is not as dominant a political identity as it once was. Nationalism had existed throughout human civilization; it became a major political movement‚ in large part because of centuries of imperialism. As countries expanded their borders through warfare and colonialism‚ the map
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rise of Fascism in Italy contributed to World War II because of it’s militaristic and nationalistic nature. When the Treaty of Versailles was signed in 1919‚ Italy‚ which had suffered 2‚197‚000 soldiers either wounded or killed‚ but claimed to not get the territory or status that it deserved. This caused parliamentary instability within Italy‚ which gave Benito Mussolini a place to promote a form of government that would provide a scapegoat of the political and economic chaos in Italy‚ Fascism. One
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Fukuyama highlights two major challenges to liberalism which have occurred in the past century; communism and fascism. Fascism was no longer a challenge to liberalism because it had been defeated‚ not only on a material level through WWII but also‚ and more importantly‚ it had been defeated as an idea. The inherent and inescapable total failure now associated with fascism destroyed its appeal. The challenge from communism was far greater. Its criticism of capital and labour and the inequalities
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