the mere realisation of a capital asset are not income but where what is done is truly the carrying on of a business‚ the proceeds will be on revenue account: California Copper Syndicate Ltd v Harris (Surveyor of Taxes) (1904) 5 TC 159; Commr of Taxation v Myer Emporium Ltd (1987) 163 CLR 199; 87 ATC 4363. 3Mere gifts : This proposition is grounded in Hayes v FCT (1956): a voluntary payment from A to B prima facie is not income; but that presumption will not apply when the payment is in substance
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Role of Internal Audit Function Nano Circuits Inc‚ is a publicly traded company that produces electronic control circuits‚ which are used in many products. In an effort to comply with SOX‚ Nano is in the process of establishing an in-house internal audit function‚ which previously had been outsourced. The company began this process by hiring a Director of Internal Audits. Nano Circuits’ CEO recently called a planning meeting to discuss the roles of key corporate participants regarding the implementation
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CHAPTER 5 Merchandising Operations and the Multiple-Step Income Statement ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS 1. (a) Disagree. The steps in the accounting cycle are the same for both a merchandising company and a service company. (b) The measurement of income is conceptually the same. In both types of companies‚ net income (or loss) results from the matching of expenses with revenues. 2. The components of revenues and expenses differ as follows: | | Merchandising | | Service | RevenuesExpenses
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Proposing a Solution I live outside of a small town of 3‚000 people. The water system of our small town supplies drinking water to a population of 3‚000 to 5‚000. Our water system has been in place for 20 plus years and neglect has been rampant for almost the same period of time. Public water systems are governed by regulations and monitored by the State of Louisiana. The Town of Ferriday has been under state mandated “boil orders” more times that you could count. One of the more recent events
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DEPARTMENT OF TECHNOLOGY AND BUILT ENVIRONMENT Chinese culture‚ Chinese corporation culture and innovation How does a corporation implement innovation properly? Hengsong.TU & Xin.YUAN 06.2010 Master’s Thesis 1 Abstracts: 文化反映在人类生活中的很多方面，诸如做事情方式，沟通的礼节， 教育，历史事件，经济状况等等方面。在很大方面，一个国家的文化 会影响到企业的经营方式。通过当前比较流行的霍夫特德的文化区分 理论，我们了解到中国的文化特点体现为比较长的权利距离，集体主 义倾向，更男性化，强调风险规避以及考虑长期目标。因此，中国的 企业也长期处在中国文化的影响中，表现起来就是中国的企业更强调 集体文化，以及把企业当作家的思想。企业中存在许多的规章制度以 及等级观念，员工的晋升与个人的成就和服从相关联。通过这篇文 章，我们在一系列文献整理的基础上，更好的了解中国文化和中国企
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Discuss whether taxation is the most effective solution to market failures arising from negative externalities Market failure is when the free market fails to provide an efficient allocation of resources. Negative externalities are the costs to a third party of a particular action‚ and it is where the social cost is greater than the private cost. Taxation is a solution to correct market failure which is arising from negative externalities. Introducing an indirect tax‚ (a tax levied on goods and
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Solution: i. Establishment of estimated growth rate in earnings and dividends. XYZ Company’s current EPS is $4.75. It was $3.90 a year ago. The company pays out 35% of its earnings as dividends‚ and the stock sells for $45. a. Calculate the past growth rate in earnings. b. Calculate the next expected dividend. Assume that the past growth rate will continue Answer: If payout ratio is constant‚ then dividend growth rate will be same as earnings growth rate. a) dividend growth rate over
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Government has developed different measures through the Budget to overcome limitations in the free market economy. Thus‚ in the 2012-13 Federal budgets‚ it has in some degree successful to overcome these limitations. Introduce Budget The Australian Federal Budget is an official document that is presented in Parliament to the parliament by the Treasurer. Its main purpose is to reveal the governments planned expenditure and revenue for the next financial year. Limitation Under the free market
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the American colonies. On one hand‚ the Parliament wanted ultimate control over issues and decisions made. While on the other hand‚ the Colonist wanted someone speaking up for them on these issues because to them this was inadequately justifiable. Taxation without representation is what the colonist have considered being done wrong by the British Government. The Colonist believed
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In today’s economic times of futility‚ the Federal Reserve of the United States has been rising in prominence in the media and news. But what exactly does the Federal Reserve do and what is its role in the country’s economy? The Federal Reserve is actually a more recent addition to the country’s economic system and is in fact something that the Federal Government fought against for a long period of time. The Federal Reserve had to go through a tough process to be implemented‚ but has been standing
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