Taxation and the Internet With the rising popularity of online shopping‚ many state governments are growing more and more concerned with the lack of proper law governing taxation. A typical‚ traditional purchase requires payment of state sales tax at the point of sale but with online purchasing this location is nonexistent. Since buyers and sellers are located anywhere in the world is becoming increasingly harder to establish law requiring the payment of sales tax. Regardless‚ many states are
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INTRODUCTION TO TAXATION Unlike most transfers‚ which are voluntary‚ taxation is compulsory. That’s needed because of free-rider problem (no one will have injective to contribute) Modern taxes are monetized (individuals provide just money) Tariffs are taxes imposed on imported goods. Tariffs protect domestic producers. Taxes can be divided to: • direct • indirect Direct taxes are individual income tax‚ payroll tax (used to finance social) security‚ corporation income tax
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Chapter 14 Commodity Taxation Reading • Essential reading – Hindriks‚ J and G.D. Myles Intermediate Public Economics. (Cambridge: MIT Press‚ 2005) Chapter 14. • Further reading – Diamond‚ P.A. and J.A. Mirrlees (1971) ‘Optimal taxation and public production 1: Production efficiency and 2: Tax rules’‚ American Economic Review‚ 61‚ 8—27 and 261—278. – Madden‚ D.‚ (1995) ‘An analysis of indirect tax reform in Ireland in the 1980s’‚ Fiscal Studies‚ 16‚ 18—37. – Murty‚ M.N. and R. Ray (1987)
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International taxation International taxation is the study or determination of tax on a person or business subject to the tax laws of different countries or the international aspects of an individual country’s tax laws. Governments usually limit the scope of their income taxation in some manner territorially or provide for offsets to taxation relating to extraterritorial income. Many governments tax individuals and/or enterprises on income. Such systems of taxation vary widely‚ and there are no
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Table of Contents Chapter 1 1 Theoretical considerations about 1 taxes and fees 1 1.1. General Considerations about Taxes and Fees 1 1.2. Direct taxes 3 1.2.1. Profit Taxes 4 1.2.2. Salary (payroll) taxes 6 1.2.3. Dividend taxes 7 1.2.4. Local taxes 8 1.3. Indirect taxes 9 1.3.1. Value Added Tax 11 1.3.2. Duty 13 1.3.3. Excise 14 Chapter 2 – S.C. Sarten S.R.L. 16 Company presentation 16 2.1. Short history 16 2.2. Organizational
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ECONOMIC REFORMERS Low Tax Generation And Pakistan’s Economy Group Members Haider Waseem Anwar Eamaan Azhar Arain Warda Zahid Adiya Farooq Muneeb Abbas introduction Pakistan is currently facing critical tax revenue generation issues. The low tax to GDP ratio has been a major problem that affects the overall economy of Pakistan. The current tax to GDP ratio is under 10 % according to the latest FBR report (Where developing countries have a tax to GDP ratio of around 20 %‚ and developed
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w 页码，1/2(W) Taxation of Individuals and Business Entities 2011‚ eBook - 1st 2/e Content Chapter1: An Introduction to Tax Who Cares About Taxes and Why? LO1 A clear understanding of the role of taxes in everyday decisions will help you make an informed decision about the value of studying taxation or pursuing a career in taxation. One view of taxation is that it represents an inconvenience every April 15th (the annual due date for filing federal individual tax returns without extensions)
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NOTES IN TAXATION Taxation- process or means by which the sovereign‚ through its lawmaking body‚ raises income to defray necessary expenses of the government; power of the State‚ inherent in sovereignty -indispensable and inevitable price for civilized society‚ without taxes‚ government would be paralyzed. Taxes- lifeblood of the government and their prompt and certain availability are an imperious need. Objectives of Taxation: Shifting wealth from the rich to the poor Maintaining
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System of Taxation A tax system used in the United Kingdom in which income levels are divided into different classifications for determining tax rates. Each income classification represents a different source of income such as business profits‚ capital gains‚ employment income‚ entitlements‚ that is taxed according to the specific provision of the Tax Act to which it applies. http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/schedular-system-of-taxation.html A progressive tax is one in which the tax
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Taxation in the Philippines From Wikipedia‚ the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation‚ search This article needs more links to other articles to help integrate it into the encyclopedia. Please help improve this article by adding links that are relevant to the context within the existing text. (May 2013) Taxation An aspect of fiscal policy Policies[show] Government revenue Tax revenue Non-tax revenue Tax law Tax bracket Tax threshold Exemption Credit Deduction Tax shift Tax cut Tax holiday Tax
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