divided into three main branches: metaphysics‚ the study of the nature of existence; epistemology‚ the study of knowledge and truth; and ethics‚ the study of morals. One of the first philosophers to look at these fields is Plato (427BCE-347BCE)‚ whose writings are incredibly influential. Plato’s work lays the fundament for philosophy because of his cohesive contributions to the fields of metaphysics‚ epistemology‚ and ethics. Firstly‚ Plato’s work with Forms greatly influences metaphysics. He contributes
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Notes on Ecosystemic Psychology EPISTEMOLOGY Definition: Epistemology is the study of knowledge‚ especially regarding its validity‚ methods‚ scope and distinguishing between justified belief and opinion. Example: The investigation of memory‚ conception and reasoning in cognitive Psychology. THEORY Definition: A set of ideas or statements that attempt to explain facts or phenomena. Speculation or abstract thought. Example: Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development‚ Freud’s
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‘How do we know what is real?’ The human race has come to know what reality is through our empirical belief regarding the information gathered by our senses‚ skepticism by doubting out beliefs in order to sift through to the truth and epistemology regarding knowledge to enlighten ourselves with the truth. All of these are philosophical because they are all philosophical branches. The Matrix illustrates the philosophical question of reality versus illusion. Empirical belief is a method that has
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Epistemology – The Study of Knowledge Jeff Castro PHI 200 Dr. Akins February 4‚ 2013 Epistemology – The Study of Knowledge The study of knowledge has always been the journey toward truth and understanding. Epistemology deals with the creation and distribution of knowledge in certain areas of inquiry. Humans should be free to gain‚ study and question knowledge and claims without repercussions in any social‚ cultural or religious setting. As we move forward in our understanding of
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often times used to appeal to the reader’s senses when making important points. While there are a variety of techniques used‚ an article becomes successful when it adequately educates and persuades its readers. Psychology professor and author‚ Lisa Feldman Barrett‚ demonstrates all the components of success in her
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Parallel Perspectives There are various practices that study the way different notions between nature‚ human‚ and technology are connected. In fact‚ Evolutionary epistemology emphasizes its study in cognitive mechanism in both humans and animals‚ as wells as evolutionary biology based on the role of natural selection. Two philosophers and epistemologist‚ Heidegger and Foucault‚ present their perspective of this practice in different ways: Heidegger based his studies on a term known as “dasein” or
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Knowledge be defined? Explain and defend your answer. Knowledge is Functional Defining knowledge has been an ongoing debate for philosophers in the field of epistemology. To come to a conclusion about if knowledge can be defined or not we need to look at theories of knowledge and the different views philosophers who have studied epistemology have. To define knowledge one must find a definition that states‚ what is necessary for knowledge as well as sufficient and cannot be challenged by counter examples
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of concepts the validity of the senses‚ logical reasoning‚ as well as thoughts‚ ideas‚ memories‚ and emotions and all things mental. This is dealing with our minds and how minds are are related to reality‚ and rather these are valid or invalid. Epistemology helps us to determine the truth from false. Empiricism knowledge through experience actually being involved and experiencing what true‚ Rationalism knowledge is of acquired use through reason. Ethics is a major branch of philosophy‚ is the
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and was used as a justification for a shift towards externalist theories of justification. John L. Pollock and Joseph Cruz have stated that the Gettier problem has "fundamentally altered the character of contemporary epistemology" and has become "a central problem of epistemology since it poses a clear barrier to analyzing
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that reason alone‚ not sensation or experience‚ was the source to attaining knowledge about the eternal truths of the universe‚ such as mathematics‚ epistemology‚ metaphysics and the existence of God. He excluded physics from this list‚ admitting that knowledge of physics only comes through experience (Descartes). Regardless‚ his rationalistic epistemology made it so that Descartes could only accept the truth about something if it was based upon a principle that was clearly and distinctly certain.
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