Finance can be through of as the study of the following 3 questions: 1. In what long-term assets should the firm invest? (Capital budgeting) 2. How can the firm raise cash for required capital expenditures? (Capital structure) 3. How should short-term operation cash flows be managed? (Working capital management) Forms of business organization: Proprietorship- single owner Partnership- more than one owner Corporation- legal entity separate and distinct form its owners and managers. Corporations
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FINANCIAL RATIOS Gross Profit to Sales (Gross Profit Ratio): profitability ratio that shows the relationship between gross profit and total net sales revenue. Gross margin/Net sales The gross margin is not an exact estimate of the company’s pricing strategy but it does give a good indication of financial health. Without an adequate gross margin‚ a company will be unable to pay its operating and other expenses and build for the future. In general‚ a company’s gross profit margin should be stable
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MBA Financial Analysis For Managers’ Assignment January 2013 Submission Date: 9th March 2013 This assignment will be based on real data which can be taken primarily from the annual reports of Air Berlin and EasyJet for the 3 years ended 2011 – 2012. Full copies of the Annual Financial Reports can be accessed through their web pages. This is an individual assignment. Required Over the last decade the European airline industry has seen
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FINANCIAL BODIES HEADS Minister of Corporate Affairs Lt. Sachin Pilot.Analysis of the data on Ratio: Ratio analysis is one of the techniques of financial analysis to evaluate the financial condition and performance of a business concern. Simply‚ ratio means the comparison of one figure to other relevant figure or figures. According to Myers ‚ “Ratio analysis of financial statements is a study of relationship among various financial factors in a business as disclosed by a single set of statements
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INTRODUCTION FINANCIAL SYSTEM: The financial system or the financial sector of any country consists of specialised and non-specialised financial institutions‚ organised and unorganised financial markets‚ financial instruments and services which facilitate the transfer of funds. The economic development of any country depends upon the existence of a well-organised financial system. Meaning of Indian Financial System: The word “System” in the term “Financial System” implies a set of complex
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Financial Reporting Accurate financial reporting is paramount to the establishment of a level playing field for businesses. It also aids in analyzing trends in business and the economy. The first part of the research paper should outline the different offices and bureaus of financial reporting and why they are significant. The second part of the research paper will present some positive and negative examples of financial reporting results and offer analysis about them. These examples can incorporate
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Selected Financial Data for Toyota Motors Corp.‚ Inc. 2010-2014 (in 000s‚ YEN‚ expect per share amounts)(Automotive Segment) Income Statement Data (in 000s) (YEN) - Automotive Segment 2010 17‚197 Net Revenues Revenue Growth Yr-Yr Cost of Goods sold 15‚971 COGS GrowthYr-Yr Gross Profit 1‚226 Gross Profit GrowthYr-Yr Selling‚ general and admin expenses 2‚120 Gross Profit GrowthYr-Yr Income From operations (Loss) 87 Income from Operations GrowthYr-Yr Interest Expense net Other expenses net
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FINANCIAL RATIOS Financial ratios are indicators of a company’s performance as discernable from the company’s Balance Sheet and income Statement. We will discuss some of the simple ratios of a company and talk about their significance. Liquidity Ratios: Show the company’s ability to pay of its current liabilities from its current assets. 1. Current Ratio Current assets should be significantly higher than current liabilities so that the current ratio is higher than 2:1. 2. Quick Ratio
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OF THE FINANCIAL SYSTEM IN MALAYSIA Roles of Financial Systems a) Financial Intermediation Malaysia has a modern and comprehensive financial system that continues to evolve in response to changing domestic and international conditions. A financial structure consists of two major components; financial institutions and financial markets. Principally‚ the financial system aims to facilitate the effective use of funds. The financial institution act as an intermediary for the savers
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Abstract Financial statements are used by so many different types of people from investors‚ to creditors‚ managers and even employees. These statements are proven useful tools that provide valuable information about a business enabling the user of the statements to make the most appropriate business decisions. Financial Statements Four Basic Financial Statements There are four basic financial statements in accounting: 1. Balance Sheet 2. Income Statement 3. Retained Earnings Statement
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