substitution happens when the initially formed intermediate expels one of the substitutes originally bonded to the carbonyl carbon leading to the formation of a new carbonyl compound. In this experiment‚ the specific nucleophilic acyl substitution is esterification. It occurs when a carboxylic acid in salicylic acid and an alcohol combine in a reaction to produce an ester. Figure 11.4. Mechanisms on the formation of aspirin Phosphoric acid protonates the carbonyl oxygen atom (C=O) of the anhydride
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Experiment 01/25/2013 CHM Lab- 2211 Sec 0016 Instructor: Jennifer Reed Introduction: Commonly used as Aspirin‚ acetylsalicylic acid is an analgesic (pain reliever)‚ which is one of the products of the esterification reaction between salicylic acid and acetic anhydride. This esterification occurs since the hydroxyl group from the salicylic acid reacts with acetic anhydride to form an ester. In this experiment‚ we will be able to recreate this acid catalyzed reaction‚ using sulfuric acid as our
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Satyagraha (Fischer‚ 35). This term comes from the word satya‚ meaning truth and agraha‚ meaning force (Fischer‚ 35). The term‚ therefore‚ directly translates to “Soul Force‚” and means “adhering to the truth” (Fischer‚ 35). In describing his own philosophy‚ Gandhi himself wrote that Satyagraha “is the vindication of truth not by infliction of suffering on the opponent but on one’s self” (qtd. in Fischer‚ 35). By truth‚ Gandhi was referring to love‚ an attribute of the human soul (Fischer‚ 35). With
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Deaver Online Concert Review #1 Julia Fischer Julia Fischer performed the Mendelssohn’s Violin Concerto in E Minor in Dresden. This performance was made on May 29‚ 2010 in Paris. Along with Fischer is the Chamber Orchestra of Europe (COE). Fischer is accompanied by the orchestra that served as her background in performing the music. The orchestra gave further depth on the emotions and power of the music played by Fischer. This proved that though Fischer is the main musician in this part of
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EXERCISE 11 Synthesis of Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic Acid from Salicylic Acid) RAQUID‚ Rency J Group 5 18L I. Introduction Due to the demand of certain reagents in the laboratory in order to perform and conduct further experiments or produce essential compounds‚ chemists continuously develop organic synthesis. This process aims to prepare and synthesize desired organic compounds from commercially or readily available ones by providing the simplest route in synthesizing the compound
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The German organic chemist Hans Fischer (1881-1945) was awarded the Nobel Prize for chemistry in 1930 for his researches into the constitution of hemin and chlorophyll and especially for his synthesis of hemin. Hans Fischer‚ the son of Dr. Eugen Fischer‚ a manufacturer of chemicals‚ was born at Höchst am Main‚ on July 27‚ 1881. He entered the University of Lausanne in 1899‚ read chemistry and medicine‚ and subsequently transferred to the University of Marburg‚ where he graduated in chemistry in
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historical figures: Francis Marion‚ Daniel Morgan‚ Elijah Clark‚ Thomas Sumter‚ and Andrew Pickens‚ and makes these men who must have faults of their own‚ into a hero who is infallible (Fischer; The Patriot; “The Patriot:
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distillation -- and was characterized by its boiling temperature and its refractive index. Esterification is a condensation reaction where two molecules are joined together to form a larger molecule with the simultaneous loss of water. This ester in this experiment is isopentyl acetate formed from acetic acid and isopentyl alcohol. The reaction is catalyzed by hydrochloric acid‚ a Fisher esterification process‚ (McMurry‚ p780-781) but the catalyst affects only the rate of reaction‚ and not the
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CULTURE AND CULTURAL ANALYSIS AS EXPERIMENTAL SYSTEMS In this weeks reading by Michael M.J. Fischer provides a spectrum of definitions of what culture embodies. Fischer also supplies a vast amount of examples that relate to various classifications of cultures. He describes “cultures as a methodological concept or tool of inquiry‚ might best be understood in terms of its historically layered growth of specifications and differentiations‚ refined into a series of “experimental systems” that‚ in
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Synthesis and Purification of Acetylsalicylic Acid (ASA or Aspirin) Background Salicylic acid is a phenol as well as a carboxylic acid. It can therefore undergo two different types of esterification reactions‚ creating an ester either with the hydroxyl or with the acid. In the presence of acetic anhydride‚ acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin or ASA) is formed. Correspondingly‚ an excess of methanol will form methyl salicylate‚ which is also an analgesic. In this experiment‚ we shall use
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