CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION Background of the Study Mangrove swamps are forested intertidal ecosystems that occupy sediment-rich sheltered tropical coastal environments. By trapping and stabilizing fine sediments‚ mangroves control the quality of marine coastal waters. Aside from maintaining coastal food webs and populations of animals‚ mangroves have an important role in pollution control through their absorptive capacity for organic pollutants and nutrients‚ and they play an important role in storm
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Deaver Online Concert Review #1 Julia Fischer Julia Fischer performed the Mendelssohn’s Violin Concerto in E Minor in Dresden. This performance was made on May 29‚ 2010 in Paris. Along with Fischer is the Chamber Orchestra of Europe (COE). Fischer is accompanied by the orchestra that served as her background in performing the music. The orchestra gave further depth on the emotions and power of the music played by Fischer. This proved that though Fischer is the main musician in this part of
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EXERCISE 11 Synthesis of Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic Acid from Salicylic Acid) RAQUID‚ Rency J Group 5 18L I. Introduction Due to the demand of certain reagents in the laboratory in order to perform and conduct further experiments or produce essential compounds‚ chemists continuously develop organic synthesis. This process aims to prepare and synthesize desired organic compounds from commercially or readily available ones by providing the simplest route in synthesizing the compound
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It was concluded that the product created was paracetamol when a thin layer chromatography test was performed and observed under ultraviolet light (which is discussed further down the page). An unknown substance was treated with acetic anhydrate and resulted with paracetamol. A compound that behaves in this matter is 4-aminophenol and is widespread in the industrial production of this drug. Upon these observations was the build up of “Chemical A” decided. When 4-aminophenol is t treated with
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The German organic chemist Hans Fischer (1881-1945) was awarded the Nobel Prize for chemistry in 1930 for his researches into the constitution of hemin and chlorophyll and especially for his synthesis of hemin. Hans Fischer‚ the son of Dr. Eugen Fischer‚ a manufacturer of chemicals‚ was born at Höchst am Main‚ on July 27‚ 1881. He entered the University of Lausanne in 1899‚ read chemistry and medicine‚ and subsequently transferred to the University of Marburg‚ where he graduated in chemistry in
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Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution Objective The objective of this experiment was to illustrate electrophilic aromatic substitution by synthesizing p-nitroanilide (as well as ortho) from acetanilide by nitration. The para form was separated from the ortho form based on solubility properties using recrystallization techniques. Synthetic equations: Physical Properties & Hazards of Reagents/Products: (all taken from Sigma-Aldrich website) Acetanilide MM = 135.16 g/mol Melting point =
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of the aryl group at the electrophilic trimethylcarbocation. The resulting product will be recrystallized using methanol and characterized using TLC and melting point analysis. Materials: 400-mL beaker‚ ice for ice bath‚ 25 mL Erlenmeyer flask‚ several volumetric and Pasteur pipets‚ 1.0-mL 10 x 100 mm reaction tube‚ glass stirring rod‚ rubber bulb‚ TLC plate Table 1. Chemicals used in Friedel Crafts synthesis of 1‚4-di-t-butyl-2‚5-dimethoxybenzene Substance Molecular Weight (g/mol) Amount Used Moles
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Abstract – This multi-step synthesis uses aniline as the starting reagent to synthesize five compounds employing several reactions such as acetylation‚ diazo coupling‚ nitration‚ bromination‚ and hydrolysis. The isolated products were analyzed with TLC and spectral data that determined most products were pure while some had a few impurities indicated by GC‚ LC‚ and a wide melting point range was shown for products 2 and 3. The presence of water in product 2 and 7 was indicated by the IR. Acetanilide
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bromophenylacetic acid was added to the flask and the mixture was refluxed for about 50 minutes at about 80°C. TLC was used to monitor the reaction progress every 15 minutes. A relatively non-polar solvent system of 25% ethyl acetate/ 75% hexanes was used as the mobile phase. Each plate contained a starting material (4-bromophenylacetic acid)‚ a reaction mixture spot‚ and a co-spot. The TLC at 15 minutes showed the starting material to have an Rf of about 0.12 and reaction mixture lane had only one
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Question No. 1 P: 219 Explain the difference between short run and long run production function; cite one example of this difference in a business situation. The short run production function shows the maximum quantity of a good or service that can be produced by a set of inputs‚ assuming the amount of at least one of the inputs used remains unchanged. While a long run production function shows the maximum quantity of a good or service that can be produced by a set of inputs‚ assuming the
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