Chapter 1: The Main Themes of Microbiology What is Microbiology? • micron = small and biologia = study of living things • Microbiology = study of small living things • How small is “small”? • What do we really mean by living? • Working definition: Study of entities too small to be seen with the unaided human eye. • (< 0.2 mm = 200 µm = 200‚000 nm) Types of Microbes Prokaryotes include Bacteria and Archaea Eukaryotes include Protista (Algae and Protozoa)‚ Fungi‚ and Animalia
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Ch. 1 Prokaryotes = bacteria ‚ archaea Eukaryotes = Fungi‚ protozoa ‚ algae (Growth:: Mitosis有絲分裂) Bacterial cell → Bacillus(rodlike) ‚ cocus (spherical)‚ spiral (curved) *P.S. 有時會star-shaped or square → 出現既形式: pairs‚ chains‚ clusters cell walls of bacteria → peptidoglycan (carbohydrate & protein complex) cell walls of plant and algal cell → cellulose Growth::Binary fission = bacteria reproduce by dividing into two equal cells bacteria 吸收nutrients from dead / living organisms/ photosynthesis
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technique to keep hands sterile when sanitized)‚ three sterile agar plates‚ a sharpie‚ sterile cotton swabs‚ two glass plates‚ tweezers‚ and sterile disks. Other materials needed are: Escherichia coli‚ Streptococcus epidermis‚ distilled water‚ ninety five percent ethanol‚ Procedure To begin this experiment‚ one should take the sharpie and one plate case‚ and draw a line straight down the middle. Label one side "phone without hand washing" and the other "phone with hand washing ". On the
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What Is Microbiology? Microbiology is the study (logy) of very small (micro) living (bio) things. Microbiology is the study of microorganisms. These "bugs" include: bacteria (that’s the Latin plural for bacterium); viruses (that’s the non-Latin plural for virus - virii sounds weird‚ so I don’t say it); and‚ fungi (that’s the Latin plural for fungus - which by now you have guessed‚ or already knew‚ and may not be all that interested to know‚ anyway). Microbiology is actually made up of several
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In the book‚ Five Kingdoms: Death Weavers‚ Cole can be characterized as loyal and courageous. To start with‚ Cole can be characterized as loyal. First off‚ Cole is loyal by trying to figure out how to get his friends from Earth home. Throughout the book and the series‚ Cole never forgets the kids that came with him when he ended up in the Outskirts. Whenever he meets a powerful character he asks them if they know of anyway they could get him and his friends home. This shows he is loyal because no
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Theodor Wilhelm Engelmann was a German microbiologist whose 1882 experiment measured the effects of different colors of light on photosynthetic activity and showed that the conversion of light energy to chemical energy took place in the chloroplast. In 1881‚ he observed the movement of bacteria towards the chloroplasts in a strand of “Spirogyra” algae. Engelmann hypothesized that the bacteria were moving in response to oxygen generated by the photo synthetically active chloroplasts in the algae.
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Review for Microbiology Test #1 (Lesson 1-5) Lesson 1 What is the #1 killer of man worldwide? Heart Disease. What is the #3 killer in the US? Infectious Disease. What is the importance of MO in our world? List 6-8 reasons MO are important. Can’t live in Germ Free World‚ Keeps Economy running‚ Agriculture‚ Medication‚ Baking‚ Cosmetics‚ Paints‚ Fertilizers‚ Helps develop immune system‚ Decomposition of dead plants and animals to enrich the soil. What are the 4 groups of people most prone to
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How would you convince a friend that microorganisms are more than just disease causing agents? An entire kingdom of microorganisms was brought into life 3 billion years ago. Since then «the earth is a fundamentally a microbial planet‚ to which the micro-organisms are recent the relatively unimportant additions» (Wheelis‚ Mark‚ Principles of modern microbiology‚ 2008‚ p.1). The term microorganisms consist of bacteria‚ archaea‚ fungi‚ and protest‚ which can either be unicellular or multicellular
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Review Questions 1. Which type of S. pneumoniae strain is the most virulent‚ encapsulated or unencapsulated? 2. What allows S. pneumoniae to adhere to cell walls‚ phosphorylcholine or polysaccharide? 3. Which infections are most commonly caused by S. pneumoniae‚ arthritis & peritonitis or meningitis & bacteremia? both 4. What can society do to help protect itself from antimicrobial resistance‚ increase or decrease antimicrobial usage? Decrease usage 1. Staphylococcus aureus‚
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