allocate service department costs to “production” or user departments‚ and ultimately to the products and services that they provide. For example‚ hospitals use sophisticated methods for allocating costs of service departments such as Housekeeping‚ Patient Admissions‚ and Medical Records to patient wards and outpatient services‚ and then to individual patients. Historically‚ these allocations were important to hospitals because Medicare reimbursement was based on actual costs. To the extent that the
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ever increasing emission standards. With the resulting loss of domestic market share‚ ACF is facing intense competition from not only other suppliers but other Bridgeton plants as well. The task of remaining cost competitive is daunting as outsourcing seems to be catching on as a way to cut costs. Overhead Burden Rate We have used direct labor as the allocation base to calculate the figures given below. However machine hours may be a better allocation base as the plants are highly mechanized. |From
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Implement the decision‚ evaluate performance‚ and learn An example of interdependencies include absenteeism/low employee morale and increased labour costs. 11‐2 Relevant costs are expected future costs that differ among the alternative courses of action being considered. Historical costs are irrelevant because they are past costs and‚ therefore‚ cannot differ among alternative future courses of action. 11‐3 Quantitative factors are outcomes that are measured in numerical
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1. Product costs used for pricing and product-mix decisions generally include: Answer | | manufacturing costs only | | | design costs plus manufacturing costs | | | all costs incurred along the value chain | | | distribution costs only | 0.1 points Question 4 Within the relevant range‚ if there is a change in the level of the cost driver‚ then: Answer | | fixed and variable costs per unit will change | | | fixed and variable costs per unit will remain the
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Conceptual Framework Cost Accounting Cost accounting‚ as a tool of management‚ provides management with detailed records of the costs relating to products‚ operations or functions. Cost accounting refers to the process of determining and accumulating the cost of some particular product or activity. It also covers classification‚ analysis and interpretation of costs. The cost so determined and accumulated may be the estimated future costs for planning purposes‚ or actual (historical) costs for evaluating
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11. A total variance is best defined as the difference between total a. actual cost and total cost applied for the standard output of the period. b. standard cost and total cost applied to production. c. actual cost and total standard cost of the actual input of the period. d. actual cost and total cost applied for the actual output of the period. 12. The term “standard hours allowed” measures a. budgeted output at actual hours. b. budgeted output at standard hours. c. actual output
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corporations have to take. Cost analysis is one of the factors that should be taken into consideration while evaluating financial and investment decisions. This paper reviews the concept of cost analysis‚ how it is used in decision making‚ and how firms usually involve cost analysis in evaluating different projects. Furthermore‚ the paper discusses some of the main concepts that are derived from cost analysis such as cost allocation‚ cost-effectiveness analysis‚ and cost-benefit analysis. In addition
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determine and calculate product cost. The income statements formats of both methods include period and product costs. However‚ each one has a different cost classification definition. Both have the same direct material and direct labor allocation‚ the differences is how they report the income‚ product‚ and pricing One of the main differences between the two methods is the accounting for the fixed manufacturing costs. In variable costing‚ fixed manufacturing costs are looked at as expenses of
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clear thinking along with presentation | | | Subject Specific Parameters | 1. Understanding the procedures of Costing | Clarity of concept | | | 2. To be able to calculate the unit cost and prepare costing Profit & Loss statement | Precision in cost calculation and preparation of cost sheet | | | Grades | Grade Descriptors | Achieved Yes/No (Y / N) | P | A Pass grade is achieved by meeting all the requirements defined. | | M | Identify & apply strategies/techniques
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Chapter 6 Cost-Volume-Profit Relationships Solutions to Questions 6-1 The contribution margin (CM) ratio is the ratio of the total contribution margin to total sales revenue. It can be used in a variety of ways. For example‚ the change in total contribution margin from a given change in total sales revenue can be estimated by multiplying the change in total sales revenue by the CM ratio. If fixed costs do not change‚ then a dollar increase in contribution margin will result in a dollar
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