Capital Structure and Debt Structure* Joshua D. Rauh Kellogg School of Management and NBER Amir Sufi University of Chicago Booth School of Business and NBER February 2010 *We thank Doug Diamond‚ Anil Kashyap‚ Gordon Phillips‚ Michael Roberts‚ Toni Whited‚ Luigi Zingales‚ and seminar participants at Emory University‚ Georgetown University‚ Maastricht University‚ Rice University‚ Tilburg University‚ the University of California-Berkeley‚ the University of Chicago‚ the University of Colorado
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Post-Tensioned Slabs By Dr Stephen L Kajewski1 Abstract: Formwork and the associated shoring represent a significant proportion of the costs associated with the construction of multi-level concrete structures. To minimize these costs‚ a limited number of formwork and shoring sets are recycled up the structure as construction progresses‚ eliminating the need for a new set of formwork and shoring with each new slab. When a slab is post-tensioned using draped tendons‚ slab lift occurs as a portion of the
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elow is a diagram of the hierarchy of the Irish court system. Civil Courts Civil courts deals with civil or private wrongs. In a Civil case the burden required is on the balance of probabilities. In most civil cases there will be a plaintiff and a defendant‚ the plaintiff sues the defendant. In civil proceedings the judgment would be to impose a settlement on the matter. eg‚ awarding damages‚ an injunction or an order for specific performance. Land law‚ employment law‚ contractual law‚ consumer
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Bauhaus Dessau‚ Germany Introduction Bauhaus was founded by Walter Gropius in 1919 as a union of the Grand Ducal College of Visual Art and the Grand Ducal Arts and Crafts School in the city of Weimar‚ Germany. It was governed by a social-democratic council in that period. However‚ conservative forces compelled the Bauhaus to leave Weimar and move to Dessau‚ Germany in 1925. Therefore‚ Walter Gropius has planned a complex of new buildings in Dessau. The Fact Bauhaus is a design institution
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Organizational structure is a system used to define a hierarchy within an organization. It identifies each job‚ its function and where it reports to within the organization. This structure is developed to establish how an organization operates and assists an organization in obtaining its goals to allow for future growth. The structure is illustrated using an organizational chart. Ads by Google Тест английского языка онлайн. 40 лет опыта в 30 странах мира. Быстрое обучение‚ гарантия результата
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Organizational design and structure Contents 1. Centralized organizational structure 2. Flat Structure 3. Formal Structure 4. Structure of the organization 5. Span of control 6. Chain of command 7. Appendix 1 1. Centralized organizational structure The hierarchy of Cathay Pacific Services Ltd is in three levels. Corporate- Chief Executive Officer‚ Executive Secretary‚ Manager- Commercial‚ Cargo Terminal Programme Manager Divisional- Finance &Administration Manager‚ Head of IT & Engineering
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Organizational Structure Organizational structure plays an important role in day-to-day functions of an organization. The delegation of authority‚ work specialization‚ and employee reporting framework are some of the elements that help determine what the organizational structure should be. An efficient structure will facilitate decision making and smooth the span of control or scope managers have over operations. The first and most common structure type that managers would choose
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Race separation and hierarchy has been a big part of our world history and is still a problem in some countries. In the older days‚ race decided whether you were a human being or just a “tool” to others advantage. In the 1800 century was there a change in the American history‚ where slaves were becoming freemen‚ and the short story “The Whipping Boy” describes in fiction how it may or may not have been in the change of history. The whipping boy concerns a family slavery farm‚ where they have three
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COMPANY STRUCTURE Organizing structure is considered by many to be “the anatomy of the organization”‚ providing a foundation within which the organization functions”. There can be different kinds of organization structure‚ and firms can change their organization structure by becoming more or less centralized. Most organization have a hierarchical or pyramidal structure‚ with one person or a group of people at the top‚ and increasing number of people below them at each successive level. All
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macroscopic structures of bone is Compact bone‚ Cancellous bone‚ Epiphysis‚ Diaphysis‚ Periosteum‚ Red bone marrow‚ yellow bone marrow‚ and the articular cartilage (Doitpoms.com). Collagen is a triple helix structured protein that is the most prominent protein in the skeletal system. Bones consist of two distinct types of bone tissue such as cancellous and cortical bone. Cancellous bone is also known as spongy bone and is located at the ends of long bones with a honeycomb like internal structure. Compact
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