Hoo Sze Yen www.physicsrox.com Physics SPM 2011 CHAPTER 3: FORCES AND PRESSURE 3.1 Pressure Units of pressure Unit Note Pa SI unit N m-2 Equivalent to Pa N cm-2 cm Hg m water atm 1 atm = atmospheric pressure at sea level bar 1 bar = 1 atm Pressure is the force which acts normal per unit area of contact. P= F A where P = pressure [Pa] F = force [N] A = area [m2] For atmospheric pressure only 3.2 Pressure in Liquids Pressure in liquids are not dependent on the size or
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to create different gear ratios; or even to change the direction of rotation so the wheels can go in reverse‚ although the motor keeps turning the same way. Why does a car need a gearbox? From the fundamental of an engine‚ it is known that the pistons drive the main crank in the engine so that it spins. Idling‚ it spins around 900rpm (revolution per minute) and when the foot is pressed on the gas at maximum‚ it can reach 7‚500rpm or even higher in certain cars. It is unrealistic to connect a set
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Heat Pump ------------------------------------------------- A heat pump can provide an alternative to using your air conditioner. * Heat pumps can supply heat‚ cooling‚ and hot water. * Your climate and site will determine the type of heat pump most appropriate for your home. For climates with moderate heating and cooling needs‚ heat pumps offer an energy-efficient alternative to furnaces and air conditioners. Like your refrigerator‚ heat pumps use electricity to move heat from a
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qualities were measured for a period of more than six months‚ both in summer and in winter. Biogas as used in two different systems: an instant‚ gas water-heater used to generate hot water for farm use‚ and a modified piston engine driving an electrical generator of one phase‚ I kW output‚ fuelled directed by the gas. Operation of both systems was satisfactory. The unit is being used to demonstrate the technology for potential users (mostly farm
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Characteristics of a Good Hydraulic Fluid Viscosity Viscosity is a measure of a hydraulic fluid’s resistance to flow. It is a hydraulic fluid’s most important characteristic and has a significant impact on the operation of the system. When a hydraulic oil is too thin (low viscosity)‚ it does not seal sufficiently. This leads to leakage and wear of parts. When a hydraulic oil is too thick (high viscosity)‚ the fluid will be more difficult to pump through the system and may reduce operating
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Cessna: A global power from humble beginnings How is this Cessna so successful in today’s struggling economy? Why have they sold so many air planes to customers for various different uses? The Cessna 172 is the best-selling and one of the most widely known aircrafts in production today. Cessna has also sold more aircraft than any other company in the history of aviation. In the beginning a small farmer from Rago Kansas realized his love for aviation after seeing flying exhibition in Oklahoma
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Watt Steam Engine‚ Industrial Revolution in England The Watt steam engine (alternatively known as the Boulton and Watt steam engine) was the first type of steam engine to make use of steam at a pressure just above atmospheric to drive the piston helped by a partial vacuum. Improving on the design of the 1712 Newcomen engine‚ the Watt steam engine‚ developed sporadically from 1763 to 1775‚ was the next great step in the development of the steam engine. Offering a dramatic increase in fuel efficiency
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COMSATS – LANCASTER (Dual Degree Program) EEE-112 Engineering Mechanics and Thermodynamics Assignment # 1 Submission date: Mon‚ Sep 17‚ 2012 1. A certain fluid at 10 bar is contained in a cylinder behind a piston‚ the initial volume being 0.05 m3. Calculate the work done by the fluid when it expands reversibly: a. at constant pressure to a final volume of 0.2 m3; b. according to a linear law to a final volume of 0.2 m3 and a final pressure of 2 bar; c. according to
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HARVARD BUSINESS SCHOOL CASE STUDY DEPRECIATION AT DELTA AIR LINES ACCOUNTING ( SHAC 1033 ) 2014/2015 SEMESTER 1 GROUP MEMBERS : MOHD AMMARUL HAZIQ BIN SAIDIN A14HA0057 NURSAIDA SYAMIM BINTI FAUZI A14HA0136 NORHAMIZAH BINTI ABDUL HAMID A14HA0095 FATIN RAIHANAH BINTI MOHAMED RABEI A14HA0024 FOR: EN. KAMARUZZAMAN BIN ABDUL RAHIM FACULTY OF MANAGEMENT UNIVERSITI TECHNOLOGI
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Chapter 2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES Introduction This chapter indicates the ideas‚ also the history‚ relevant to the experiment to provide information and further elaborate different standpoints that were the foundation of the proposed study‚ also on the background study of the different methods and concepts used by other researchers that applies to the present study. In order to develop new method and procedures‚ careful review of literature and studies must be done for the development
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