BUDGETARY CONTROL Budget is a plan which is expressed in terms of definite members: Eg. of a plan – Production has to be increased in the next quarter Eg. of a budget – Production has to improve by 10000 units from the last quarter to the next quarter. Definitions: According to ICMA “budget is a financial & / quantitative statements‚ prepared & approved prior to a defined period of time of the policy to be pursued during that period for the purpose of attaining a given objective. They may
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short-term planning and control. It is employed‚ no doubt‚ in large business houses‚ but even the small businesses are using it at least in some informal manner. Through the budgets‚ a business wants to know clearly as to what it proposes to do during an accounting period or a part thereof. The technique of budgeting is an important application of Management Accounting. Probably‚ the greatest aid to good management that has ever been devised is theuse of budgets and budgetary control. It is a versatile
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Locus of control is the degree to which people believe that they have control over the outcome of events in their lives. There are two types of locus of control‚ internal and external. Internal locus of control pertains to coping with the fact that their rewards are controlled by their efforts and decisions they make. External locus of control is someone coping in a negative manner. They believe that their lack of success is due to forces beyond their control. Locus control is important‚ because
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Assignment Essay 2b Bureaucratic Control The Bureaucratic control is a system that characterizes the specialization of the functions of the government or organisation to set up the rules and hierarchy to control the employee behaviour. William McWilliams (MGMT‚ P. 324). Define Bureaucratic Control as “The use of hierarchical authority to influence employee behaviour by rewarding or punishing employees for compliance or non-compliance with organizational policies‚ rules and procedures”. In this
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1. In 1970s‚ rent control was first imposed in New York city‚ and then in many states as Los Angeles‚ San Francisco‚ Washington D.C.‚ Boston‚ Atlantic City‚ and New Jersey (Baird 1980‚ p.54). Before the United States‚ the rent control had been introduced in Malaysia in 1966 (Atsumi 2003‚ p.29). The definition of rent control is the governments fix the price of rental below the free market price (Brimmer 1980‚ p.55). Some landlords take advantage from the rising demand in housing and push the rent
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Running Head: Outline Outline: Gun Control Charese Payne Philosophy of Ethics Alexander Miller November 26‚ 2011 Gun Control [Introduction] Guns are a big problem because they are used to commit murders and suicides as well as other crimes. With criminals having access to guns‚ it just makes the good citizens feel the need to purchase a gun for protection or self defense. There may never be a solid solution to stopping the crime and violence completely but
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Gun Control POL/215 Gun Control A major public policy issue in today’s society is gun control. Some people feel as if their second amendment rights are being infringed upon and others feel as if the laws are not strict enough. Why is gun control so relevant in today’s society? Are the people’s second amendment rights in danger by new proposed laws and actions or do the laws need to buckle down tighter? In the District of Columbia vs Heller case‚ the Supreme Court ruled that a ban on ownership
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Gun Control As a federal law enforcement officer‚ I believe in the right to bear arms; however‚ I also believe that there should be more restriction on who is allowed to own and carry firearms. I also believe that if you do own a firearm that it should be locked up out of the reach of children and should only be used at ranges or hunting. It’s argumentative whether guns are used more for protection in the United States or for criminal events. I believe that there should be stricter qualifications
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Identify Controls 18 points (2 points each) What control or controls would you recommend in a computer processing system to prevent the following situations? A. Working through the main control console‚ the night shift computer operator made a change in a payroll program to alter his rate of pay in his favor. -operator should not have access to program documentation (source code) -use password -console log should be reviewed for unauthorized activity B. A customer payment recorded
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Performance Issues of Routing Protocols in MANET ABSTRACT A mobile ad-hoc network is an assortment of wireless mobile hosts‚ which establishes a momentary network without any assist of centralized administrator. The characteristics of an ad-hoc network can be explored on the base of routing protocols. The dynamic topology is the vital characteristic in which nodes frequently change their position. In the ad-hoc networks‚ there are mobile nodes such as personal digital assistance (PDA)
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