1. Introduction The flow of fluid in a pipe under pressure is used to reach many goals. A good knowledge of the fluid flow and pipe pressure at some point along the path of the pipe may facilitate to determine the size‚ capacity and material of the pipe for a system. In engineering and industry‚ the understanding of pipe flow is required for the control‚ transport‚ measure and storage of water or other fluids. When a fluid is flowing through a pipe‚ it exerts a viscous
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control signal is given to the solenoid valve‚ when the button is activated. The oil is goes from the compressor to the solenoid valve through flow control valve. The solenoid valve is activated at the time of dash pad button “ON”. The compressed fluid (air) goes to the hydraulic cylinder. The compressed air pusses the pneumatic cylinder piston and move
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DANIEL SENIOR ORIFICE FITTING The Daniel Senior Orifice fitting is a fluid measurement device that measures flow based on the differential pressure principle. The Daniel Senior Fitting utilizes a duel chamber design which positions an orifice plate in a flow stream. The orifice plate generates a pressure drop as flow moves though the Daniel Senior Orifice Fitting. By measuring the pressure drop as flow moves through the Daniel Senior Orifice Fitting‚ and using the pressure drop (differential pressure)
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saline drilling fluids were utilized. A total of 5.6x105 L of fluids was lost in the subsurface. The fluid was comprised of surface seawater from the sound‚ as the wetting agent mixed with densifying compounds (mainly potassium chloride and small amounts of fourteen other compounds including biodegradable organics). When exploring pristine locations a main goal needs to be minimizing the amount of biological and chemical contamination. Introducing a contaminant such as drilling fluids could negatively
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Pascal’s law Pascal’s law or the principle of transmission of fluid-pressure is a principle in fluid mechanics that states that pressure exerted anywhere in a confined incompressible fluid is transmitted equally in all directions throughout the fluid such that the pressure ratio (initial difference) remains the same.[1] The law was established by French mathematician Blaise Pascal.[2] Contents [hide] 1 Definition 2 Explanation 3 Applications 4 See also 5 References Definition[edit source | editbeta]
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Summary The topic investigated in this report is heat transfer in a concentric tube heat exchanger. A heat exchanger is a device used to transfer heat from a hot fluid to a colder fluid. Heat exchangers are widely used in the petroleum industry for various reasons. Some of the most important reasons are theta heat exchangers increase the process efficiency‚ conserve energy‚ reduce maintenance and provide employee safety among many other reasons. The main objectives of the lab study were to determine
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the time which is 5 second to collect the amount of the water. At the same time‚ we also observe the characteristic of the flow whether is it laminar‚ transition and turbulent flow. THEORY: Reynolds number basically determines the transition of fluid flow form laminar flow to turbulent flow. When the value of Reynolds number is less than 2300‚ laminar flow will occur and the resistance to flow will be independent of the pipe wall roughness (e). Meanwhile‚ turbulent flow occurs when the value of
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number . 2. To obtain the following relationships : a. Head loss as a function of the velocity of flow . b. Friction factor as a function of Reynolds number . Theory : The friction resistance to the flow of fluid through a pipe results in a loss of pressure energy for a given fluid flowing a long a given pipe‚ experiments show that for laminar flow : Hl α V And for turbulent flow : Hl α Vn Where : Hl :is the loss of pressure head . V : the mean velocity of flow . n : an index that lies
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differential fluid pressure from low and high pressure sources to actuate an electric switch at a pre-set actuation point. Differential pressure switches are commonly employed to control the operation of snap action switches. Flow switch |[pic][pi| |c] | A flow switch is used to sense the flow of a fluid passing through its valve body and to send an electrical control signal to control the switching unit. In many applications‚ it is essential to be able to determine whether fluid is flowing
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TITLE: Water Based Drilling Fluid Analysis EXECUTIVE SUMMARY: Analysis of drilling fluids is essential to their performance. In this laboratory exercise the aim is to test three drilling fluid samples for; density and rheological properties‚ Fluid loss‚ chemical analysis i.e. testing pH‚ alkalinity‚ testing for chloride ions‚ calcium carbonate‚ calcium‚ bentonite; also determining the amount of solids present in the samples as well as volumes of oil‚ water and solids contained in the sample‚ and
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