COST OF PRODUCTION CONTENTS 1. Introduction 2. Types of costs 3.1 Opportunity‚ implicit and explicit costs 3.2 Fixed and variable costs 3.3 Average costs 3. Types of cost curves 4.4 Marginal cost curve 4.5 Average cost curves 4. Costs in Short run and in the Long run 5.6 Short run 5.7 Long run 5.8 Economies of scale 5. Cost analysis in the real world 6.9 Economies of scope 6.10 Experiential
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RETHINKING DISTRIBUTION: ADAPTIVE CHANNELS By sharing resources and capabilities‚ companies can meet their customers’ most extraordinary needs. Flawless distribution can seem an impossible goal. No matter how much inventory a wholesaler carries‚ when a customer places a rush order‚ the essential item is often out of stock. No matter how broad a range of services a dealer provides‚ what a customer desperately needs is often some out-ofthe-ordinary service that the dealer has never supplied
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Microeconomics Topic 6: “Be able to explain and calculate average and marginal cost to make production decisions.” Reference: Gregory Mankiw’s Principles of Microeconomics‚ 2nd edition‚ Chapter 13. Long-Run versus Short-Run In order to understand average cost and marginal cost‚ it is first necessary to understand the distinction between the “long run” and the “short run.” Short run: a period of time during which one or more of a firm’s inputs cannot be changed. Long run: a period of time during which
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Distribution Strategy WS5A4 Southwest Airlines - Case Study Operating under an intensely competitive environment‚ Southwest Airlines carefully projects its image so customers can differentiate its product from its competitors. Southwest positions itself in all its marketing communications as the only low-fare‚ short-haul‚ high-frequency‚ point-to-point carrier in America that is fun to fly (Cheng‚ 2010). Its low-priced fares are a brand equity which it "owns" in the mathematical sense of being the
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is not sure about the difference between cost accounting and a cost accounting system. Explain the difference to Joe. (b) What is an important feature of a cost accounting system? 2. (a) Distinguish between the two types of cost accounting systems. (b) May a company use both types of cost accounting systems? 3. What type of industry is likely to use a job order cost system? Give some examples. 4. What type of industry is likely to use a process cost system? Give some examples. 5. Your roommate
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COST CLASSIFICATION CONCEPT OF COST: DEFINITION: A SACRIFICE OR GIVING UP OF RESOURCES FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE FREQUENTLY MEASURED BY THE MONETARY UNITS (RUPEES‚ DOLLARS) THAT MUST BE PAID FOR GOODS AND SERVICES . ➢ EMPHASIS ON COST INFORMATION: MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTANTS PAY A LOT OF ATTENTION TO COSTS BECAUSE COST HAVE A VITAL ROLE TO PLAY IN PLANNING ‚ EVALUATING AND DECISION MAKING. FOR EXAMPLE IN PLANNING THE ROUTE AND FLIGHT SCHEDULES THE MANAGER OF AN AIR LINE MUST CONSIDER
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manufacturing or trading‚ require cost accounting to track their activities.[1] Cost accounting has long been used to help managers understand the costs of running a business. Modern cost accounting originated during the industrial revolution‚ when the complexities of running a large scale business led to the development of systems for recording and tracking costs to help business owners and managers make decisions. In the early industrial age‚ most of the costs incurred by a business were what modern
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The majority of Australia’s population is distributed along the coastline. The current population of around 20 million is concentrated mainly in the large coastal cities of Sydney‚ Melbourne‚ Brisbane‚ Perth and Adelaide. Brisbane and Sydney are located on the south-eastern coast consecutively. From the bottom right to the bottom left of the continent‚ located on the south-eastern to south-western coasts are Melbourne‚ Adelaide and Perth‚ respectively. These concentrated cities then branch
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Topic Proposals Social Problems: Spring 2014 Due Date: See course schedule Fill out the following form (see page 2) completely and turn in on or before the due date. Be as clear as possible: the primary purpose of this exercise is to make sure that you have a workable topic; I will not approve topics that I think are too broad‚ too narrow‚ are not sociological in focus‚ don’t address the assignment‚ etc. In other words‚ I’m trying to help you succeed on this project. In order to help
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be moved around all parts of the country to supply the demand. There are two methods available for the transmission and distribution of electric power and these are: * Underground Insulated Cables * Overhead Cables (Bare Conductors Suspended at a Safe Height Above Ground) The overhead lines are generally used for high-voltage long distance transmission‚ because the cost is lower than underground cables‚ especially at higher voltages. In British practice‚ high voltage transmission lines
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