CHAPTER I 1. Fuzzy control Fuzzy control is a practical alternative for a variety of challenging control applicationssince it provides a convenient method for constructing nonlinear controllersvia the use of heuristic information. In a sense fuzzy systems can be “trained” and can “learn” how to perform throughout a control task and are considered as intelligent control system. Fuzzy control system design is based on empirical methods‚ basically a methodical approach to trail-and-error. The
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Lecture note on monitoring business and accounting systems. ------------------------------------------------- internal control systems and internal controls An internal control system is the whole system of controls‚ financial and otherwise‚ established by the management in order to * Carry on the business of the enterprise in an orderly and efficient manner‚ * Ensure adherence to management policies‚ * Safeguard the assets and secure as far as possible the completeness and accuracy
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Strategic control systems are the formal target-setting‚ measurement‚ and the feedback systems that allow strategic managers to evaluate whether a company is achieving superior efficiency‚ quality‚ innovation‚ and customer responsiveness and implementing its strategy successfully. An effective control system should three characteristics. It should be flexible enough to allow managers to respond as necessary to unexpected events; it should provide accurate information‚ thus giving a true picture of
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Introduction Management control system (MCS)‚ as a vital part of an organization‚ which purpose allows organizations to ensure that their activities achieve the objects they desire. The process of designing and improving MCSs requires addressing three basic questions. What is desired? What is likely to occur? And What is the effect of contextual factors ?Then managers must address each of these questions. What controls should be used? In recent years‚ contingency-based research has maintained
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Case example: Inventory Control System Customer profile Nature of business: Trading Purchases consumer products from China and repacks them. Distributes repackaged products to wholesalers and retailers in Singapore‚ Malaysia‚ and Indonesia. ♦ Background and problems Daily business operation involves procurement management‚ shipment schedule‚ consolidating sales orders‚ and delivery. Shortage of administrative personnel in handling the growing volume of supplies (Purchase Order)‚ shipment schedule
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THE FAILURE OF TIMOR LONG‚THE TAKE AWAY FOOD STORE Mr. Swadesh Ranjan Bhattacharya had a bakery in Picnic Garden. It was popularly known as Star Bakery. He used to manufacture bread‚ cookies and tiffin cake since 1983. Mr Bhattacharya used to earn around Rs 4500000 per annum till 2000.After 2000 the profitability declined due to various reasons. He failed to compete with the brands like Modern bread‚ Laurel‚ Sugar & Spice and Britannia. From 2005‚ he defaulted in the payment of salaries‚ taxes
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MANAGEMENT AND CONTROL 1) Causes of Management -Lack of Direction -Motivational Problems -Personal Limitation 2) Avoidance -Activity elimination : Eliminate what is not working properly -Automation -Centralization -Risk Sharing Chapter 2 SECTION II 3) Result Control : Preventive type Control Helps Mgr to address strategy‚ org‚ employees are performing - Steps : 1. Define Performance dimension 2. Measure Performance 3. Setting Target 4. Provide Reward Requirement for Effective Result control : - Knowledge
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on local community pharmacies to improve both financial and non-financial measures of performance. With such pressure there has been increased attention given to management control systems as a means of ensuring effective use of resources and improved organisational functioning. To illustrate the use of management control systems and management accounting‚ this report will analyse the current practices at the community pharmacy Pharmasave. The primary function of Pharmasave pharmacy is the supply of
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CHAPTER 22 MANAGEMENT CONTROL SYSTEMS‚ TRANSFER PRICING‚ AND MULTINATIONAL CONSIDERATIONS 22-1 A management control system is a means of gathering and using information to aid and coordinate the planning and control decisions throughout the organization and to guide the behavior of its managers and employees. The goal of the system is to improve the collective decisions within an organization. 22-2 To be effective‚ management control systems should be (a) closely aligned to an organization
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Chapter 5 Case 5-4. Abrams Company Case Overview Abrams has a division for each product group parts. Each division led by vice president and general manager who is expected to reach a certain target ROI. Each products division has a sales department OEM. The rest of the product produced by the division of the product sold to the AM division. AM division operates several warehouses parts distribution have company in the U.S. and overseas markets. Each manufacturing plant in the third division of the
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