particles are called pathogens. Around 1865‚ Joseph Lister found that cleaning his surgical tools with acid before a surgery greatly reduced the patient’s chance for getting an infection and dying. Until 1883‚ there was no way to test germ theory. Robert Koch changed that by developing four conditions: (1) the pathogen thought to cause a disease was present in every case; (2) the pathogen can be isolated from the body; (3) healthy animals will catch the disease when given the pathogen; and (4) the
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to other people. Personal hygiene is crucial for people who work with the public‚ such as restaurant workers‚ nurses and dentists. Restaurant (100)workers who do not wash their hands properly can spread a number of diseases and cause outbreaks of foodborne illnesses. People who are not properly groomed run the risk of being shunned or even ridiculed. Children with bad hygiene habits may get picked on. Problems such as body odor may also cause a person to lack confidence around members of the opposite
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body has. _____ 2. Sneezing removes pathogens from your nose. _____ 3. Sweat‚ mucus‚ tears‚ and saliva are all types of mechanical barriers used to protect you. _____ 4. The inflammatory response is part of the body’s first line of defense. _____ 5. Leukocytes are white blood cells that fight infections and get rid of debris. _____ 6. Barriers that keep out pathogens are the body’s first line of defense. _____ 7. The second line of defense attacks pathogens that manage to enter the body. _____
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second dose of the antibiotic A pathogen is to be any microorganism that has the ability to cause a disease or an infection on a host (ref). There are several factors that contribute to the ability of a pathogen to cause an infection. These factors include; mechanism of action‚ infectivity‚ pathogenicity‚ virulence factor‚ immunogenicity‚ and toxigenicity (ref). In relation to John’s case‚ the most influential factor responsible for the
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mechanisms are referred to as nonspecific defenses because they operate against a wide range of pathogens. Other mechanisms are referred to as specific defenses because they target particular pathogens and pathogen-infected cells. Nonspecific mechanisms are the body’s primary defense against disease. These mechanisms include anatomical barriers to invading pathogens‚ physiological deterrents to pathogens‚ and the presence of normal flora. An example of an anatomical barrier is the nasal opening to
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to somehow align. The host‚ pathogen‚ and environment/vector all have to interact at the same time. The vector-borne disease triangle illustrates that without one corner‚ the transmission of the disease would not be possible. This triangle includes hosts‚ environments/vectors‚ and pathogens. Hosts are often humans‚ dogs‚ or monkeys and are fed on by a vector. Vectors usually include mosquitos‚ fleas‚ ticks‚ mites‚ and many more. The last part of the triangle is pathogens‚ these consist of viruses‚
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different ways in which your immune system can destroy invading pathogens. References http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/science/ocr_gateway/understanding_organisms/staying_healthyrev4.shtml http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/science/ocr_gateway/understanding_organisms/staying_healthyrev5.shtml http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/science/aqa_pre_2011/human/defendingagainstinfectionrev4.shtml How can your body stop pathogens getting into your body in the first place? Body defences
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Pathogens have evolved and have various ways to transmit from one host to another. Transmission from one host to another is one way how microbes are able to survive in a long run and maintain their species survivability. If pathogens were not able to transmit‚ upon the death of the host‚ the microbes would not have any means to infect another host. Some pathogens have only one mean of transmitting whereas there are other pathogens that can be transmitted via many different methods. In general‚ there
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In the documentary Food Inc.‚ the farmer Joel Salatin claimed that “If we put glass walls on all the mega-processing facilities‚ we would have a different food system in this country.” I understand what Salatin meant by his statement‚ I credit his statement as accurate‚ and I predict that several changes would occur if mega-processing facilities consisted of glass walls. When Salatin stated‚ “If we put glass walls on all the mega-processing facilities‚ we would have a different food system in this
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HW220-9: Diet and Nutrition Education Guide Tina Samaniego Kaplan University Introduction This Diet and Nutrition Education Guide will be a resource for my future career in health and wellness counseling bariatric patients and individuals who have been diagnosed obese and need to make lifestyle changes in order to live a healthier life. This guide will cover Dietary Trends and Nutrition (Schlenker‚ E.‚ & Roth‚ S.‚ 2011)‚ How the Food Industry Influences Nutrition and Health (Nestle‚ M‚)‚ dietary
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