trading‚ require cost accounting to track their activities.[1] Cost accounting has long been used to help managers understand the costs of running a business. Modern cost accounting originated during the industrial revolution‚ when the complexities of running a large scale business led to the development of systems for recording and tracking costs to help business owners and managers make decisions. In the early industrial age‚ most of the costs incurred by a business were what modern accountants
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What is the purpose of business? Discuss. INTRODUCTION 1 At a dinner party a doctor‚ a lawyer and a businessman are sitting around the table chatting and talking about their life and work. At one point another man approaches the table and asks the three men what the purpose of their jobs is. The doctor immediately responds that he wants to help people and save life. The lawyer takes over and says he fights for justice and equality but when it comes to the businessman to answer the question
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Overview Welcome to the study of cost accounting. This introductory chapter explains the intertwining roles of managers and management accountants in choosing an organization’s strategy‚ and in planning and controlling its operations. Unlike the remainder of the textbook‚ this chapter has no “number crunching.” Its main purpose is to emphasize the management accountant’s role in providing information for managers. Review Points organization. Cost accounting provides information
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Cost Accounting: A Managerial Emphasis‚ EXHIBIT 11-1 Accounting Information and the Decision Process FIVE-STEP SEQUENCE Step 1: Gathering Information AN ILLUSTRATION The current manufacturing line uses 20 employees‚ 15 operating machines‚ and 5 handling materials‚ for a total cost of $640‚000. The rearrangement of the manufacturing assembly line is expected to eliminate materials-handling costs‚ equivalent to $160‚000. The cost of the rearrangement will be $90‚000. Historical
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1933. It explains in two parts‚ the subject of poverty about two cities. It gives an account of his survival in Paris and his experience as a casual laborer. In his second part he tells of his life in London. This he uses the viewpoint of a tramp and what accommodation is available. This book so compelling as it is written in a way that it gives a personal touch as Orwell tells of his opinions. George Orwell visualizes how poverty can pull people together as they try to find a solution to their predicaments
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Definition and explanation of mixed or semi variable cost: A mixed cost is one that contains both variable and fixed cost elements. Mixed cost is also known as semi variable cost. Examples of mixed costs include electricity and telephone bills. A portion of these expenses are usually consists line rent. Line rent normally is fixed for each month. Variable portion consists units consumed or calls made. The relationship between mixed cost and level of activity can be expressed by the following equation
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than the cost of capital. The cost of capital is the rate of return that capital could be expected to earn in an alternative investment of equivalent risk. If a project is of similar risk to a company’s average business activities it is reasonable to use the company’s average cost of capital as a basis for the evaluation. A company’s securities typically include both debt and equity‚ one must therefore calculate both the cost of debt and the cost of equity to determine a company’s cost of capital
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Chapter 6--Process Costing Student: ___________________________________________________________________________ 1. A process is a series of activities or operations‚ which are linked to perform a specific objective. True False 2. The cost flows for a process-costing system are totally different from those of a job order costing system. True False 3. Process systems are characterized by a larger number of homogeneous products passing through a series of processes. True False
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Chapter 8 The Cost of Capital 236 CHAPTER 8—THE COST OF CAPITAL TRUE/FALSE 1. Capital refers to items on the right-hand side of a firm’s balance sheet. 2. The component costs of capital are market-determined variables in as much as they are based on investors’ required returns. 3. The cost of debt is equal to one minus the marginal tax rate multiplied by the coupon rate on outstanding debt. 4. The cost of issuing preferred stock by a corporation must be adjusted to an after-tax
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What is CSR? To what extent is there a business case for CSR? In recent years‚ increasing number of customers and businessmen start to concern about the ethical issues in businesses. Although the main purpose of business is to make profits‚ the social influence of it also appears to be focused by a large proportion of customers and businessmen. Corporate social responsibility (CSR)‚ which is closely connected with this concentration‚ was put forward in 1953 with the meaning of interacting social
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