BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY Definition • Full variety of life on Earth • The study of the processes that create and maintain variation • Variety of individuals within populations • Diversity of species within communities • Range of ecological roles within ecosystems • Genetic diversity • Species diversity • Diversity of environment & habitat Three Major Areas Three Levels LEVELS OF BIODIVERSITY Genetic diversity • Variety of genetic information in all individuals ( plants‚ animals and microorganisms)
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are dependent on the forest for numerous reasons. Forests perform a significant role in stabilizing the environment‚ providing essential raw materials to include food‚ water‚ medicines and wood merchandises. It is important that forests around the world are protected. The primary reason being the world’s biodiversity and climate change‚ both of which are extremely dependent on forests and people need them to survive. There are abundant ways we can and should use the forest more sustainably to
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DEFORESTATION 1. OVERVIEW Forests cover 31% of the land area on our planet. They produce vital oxygen and provide homes for people and wildlife. Many of the world’s most threatened and endangered animals live in forests‚ and 1.6 billion people rely on benefits forests offer‚ including food‚ fresh water‚ clothing‚ traditional medicine and shelter. But forests around the world are under threat from deforestation‚ jeopardizing these benefits. Deforestation comes in many forms‚ including fires
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INTRODUCTION Ecological crisis are indeed a true crisis of humanity. Whenever man tried to progress and advance further‚ crisis inevitably took place. It has been seen that man always had to pay very dearly when he make some progress. When the Industrial revolution hit Europe in the 19th century‚ the world hailed the advent of the glorious new age. It was a brave new world-a world of steam engines and motor cars. Then came
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Conceptual Framework of Ecotourism Ecotourism is defined as a “purposeful travel to natural areas to understand the culture and natural history of the environment‚ taking care not to alter the integrity of the ecosystem‚ while producing economic opportunities that make the conservation of natural resources beneficial to local people” (McCormick‚ 1994). Based on this definition‚ the conceptual framework was formulated. The operationalization of the framework included an assessment procedure
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encompass state and administrative agency-related sustainable development policies. In the Malaysian context‚ sustainability from the perspective of the Orang Asli refers to the practices of the Orang Asli in managing natural resources within the forest. When Malaysia became a member party to the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) in 1994‚ there is the need to demonstrate its commitment by translating CBD’s objectives of conservation of biological diversity‚ the sustainable use
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succession can change a community by making exponential changes to the ecosystem over time‚ symbiotic relationships are important in maintaining a stable ecosystem because they provide competition‚ parasitism‚ mutualism‚ and commensalism to have balanced populations‚ and the impact of a change in the food web would be drastic to the ecosystem because one change can and will alter the life of every animal in the ecosystem. Ecological Succession is predictable changes over time. Ecological
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1.2 How have environmental cycles changed? The capacity of ecosystems to provide benefits to humans‚ that is to provide ecosystem services‚ derives from environmental cycles of water‚ nitrogen‚ carbon‚ and phosphorus. These processes have in some cases been significantly modified by human activity. Changes have been more rapid in the second half of the 20th century than at any other time in recorded human history. Water cycle: Water withdrawals from rivers and lakes for irrigation‚ urban uses‚
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and water pumps (Malhi & Wright‚ 2004)‚ suggesting that rainforests have an influence on climate. Rainforests absorb heat‚ and due to cooler air above the rainforests‚ rain develops‚ causing humidity and constant wet weather conditions in the forests. The forests evaporate large quantities of water‚ forming rain clouds which are transported to other parts of the world‚ causing rainfall. Deforestation directly affects this process and causes dryness in the rainforests‚ changing the rainfall pattern in
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rapidly growing knowledge base of ecosystem services provided by landscape features. Although the conventional approach to landscape ecology is based on a model that assumes poor ecological quality in the human-dominated matrix‚ a review of recent literature reveals important opportunities to improve the quality of the landscape matrix by increasing spatial heterogeneity through the addition of seminatural landscape elements designed to provide multiple ecosystem services. Taken alone‚ these individual
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