. It differs from the transplantation of larger trees in arboriculture‚ and from the lower cost but slower and less reliable distribution of tree seeds. In silviculture the activity is known as reforestation‚ or afforestation‚ depending on whether the area being planted has or has not recently been forested. Tree planting is grounded in forest science‚ and if performed properly can result in the successful regeneration of a deforested area. Reforestation is the commercial logging industry’s answer
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INDIGENOUS PEOPLE IN COLONIAL AND POST COLONIAL PERIOD 2.0 Introduction Forest policy and management has been a subject of considerable debate and conflict ever since the British established a Forest Department and enacted legislations related to forestry in the 19th century. The imperial needs dictated the British interests in the Indian forest resources‚ which resulted in the establishment of control over forest resources. In the process‚ at least two crucial aspects of forest management were
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www.ipsofactoJ.com/archive/index.htm [1983] Part 2 Case 5 [PC] | | | THE PRIVY COUNCIL | River Estates Sdn Bhd - vs - The Director General of Inland Revenue CoramLORD SCARMAN LORD ROSKILL LORD BRIDGE OF HARWICH LORD BRIGHTMAN SIR DENYS BUCKLEY | 5 DECEMBER 1983 | Judgment Lord Scarman (delivering the Judgment of the Board) 1. Ever since its incorporation in 1950 River Estates Sdn Bhd the appellant‚ has been engaged commercially in the extraction of timber and in plantation
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valuable stabilizing services to the soil and water. (One of the slogans of the Chipko movement was in fact: "What do forests bear?/Soil‚ water and pure air.") In Uttar Pradesh State‚ where the Himalayas border Tibet‚ over the years‚ the state forestry department had been claiming forested land and leasing it off to commercial loggers; predictably‚ forest rangers were also parceling off land to contractors in return for bribes. But the issue was more complex than just big bad loggers and innocent
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society. As the NIC’s with rainforests in have begun to develop they found the economic value of the rainforests for many international markets as well as internal infrastructure; the resources available are priceless. Logging companies are granted forestry rights‚ usually cheaply‚ to harvest timber to sell abroad for furniture‚ houses and paper. The economic value of this income is invaluable to an industrialising country‚ as it is usually needed to pay off interest on debts from irresponsible lending
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Around the year 1900 in the United States‚ Gifford Pinchot lead a movement of conservation. Gifford Pinchot made conservation a popular word in its application to natural resources. Throughout the next two decades‚ forestry professions became widespread. Following World War I‚ forestry became a cooperation between private landowners‚ the states‚ and the federal government. On March 21‚ 1933‚ U.S. President Franklin D.
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GreenWood Resources‚ Inc. was founded by Jeff Nuss in 1998‚ a company that specialized in developing and managing the high-yield‚ fast growing tree plantations. Urgently‚ the firm needed to make a choice between two Chinese projects of Luxi and Dongji in time. This essay will examine how GreenWood tried to achieve the triple bottom line and make a recommendation on selecting Luxi or Dongji project. GreenWood established a vision to maximize long-term wealth for shareholders and fulfill the company’s
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VAN MAHOTSAV Van Mahotsav is an annual pan-Indian tree planting festival‚ occupying a week in the month of July. During this event millions of trees are planted. It was initiated in 1950 by K. M. Munshi‚ the then Union Minister for Agriculture and Food to create an enthusiasm in the mind of the populace for the conservation of forests and planting of trees. The main objectives of the planting of trees during Van Mahotsav are to: Provide fuel and thus release cow dung for use as manure
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Illegal Logging: Background and Issues Summary Illegal logging is a pervasive problem throughout the world‚ affecting countries that produce‚ export‚ and import wood and wood products. Illegal logging is generally defined as the harvest‚ transport‚ purchase‚ or sale of timber in violation of national laws. In some timber-producing countries in the developing world‚ illegal logging represents over half of timber production and exports. The World Bank estimates that illegal logging costs governments
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When sugar became the major crop produced my plantation owners in the 18th century‚ many slaves were needed to produce the commodity. It was a labourious and strenuous job due to the conditions. African slaves were imported to the Caribbean from the western coast of Africa. Some slaves though didn’t all work on the sugar plantation; some were exported to countries such as Honduras. In the paragraphs to follow‚ the differences between the slave labour and the way of life of slaves on the mahogany
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