In the most simple form‚ FM digital synthesis consists of two sine waves. One is called the modulating wave and the other is called the carrier wave. The carrier wave is the only waveform that is audible. The modulating wave does just as it sounds‚ it modulates the amplitude of the carrier wave‚ and acts as a control value. The frequency of the modulating frequency controls the rate of change in the carrier wave; it controls how fast the modulation occurs in the carrier wave. And the amplitude of
Premium Wave Acoustics Sound
are representative of primary and secondary alkyl carbons. Additionally one peak 63.82ppm strongly indicates an ether functional group and the remaining peak at 170.53ppm is representative of an ester carboxyl functional group. In terms of the analysis for the H1-NMR‚ several peaks were present that mimicked the types of functional groups present in the C13-NMR. Such includes peaks from 0.4-1.5ppm that are representative of primary and secondary alkyl functional groups‚ and peaks at 3.921ppm‚ 3
Premium Solvent Liquid Solubility
Table 1. An infrared spectrum for the pure aspirin from the synthesis was taken by using crushed crystals‚ Figure 1. This spectrum was shown with different absorption bands corresponded with the functional groups of aspirin which was observed at frequencies > 1500 cm-1. These infrared frequencies were shown in Table 2. An infrared spectrum of an authentic aspirin was used to distinguish how authentic the infrared spectrum from the synthesis was shown in Figure 2 In this lab‚ aspirin was synthesized
Premium Chemical reaction Carboxylic acid Acetic acid
Literature Survey 2. Literature Survey Literature survey indicated 135 possible routes for the synthesis of 2-Aminobiphenyl. It must be noted that all routes available were lab-scale and no patents for the desired compound were available. Also‚ majority of these synthesis routes gave extremely low yields of our desired product and produced a number of other by-products in higher yields. Therefore‚ only the pathways giving significant yields of the desired product have been listed below. i. Suzuki
Premium Catalysis Palladium Chemical reaction
Thermochemistry Laboratory Report Abstract The purposes of these three experiments are to determine the heat capacity of a calorimeter and with that data‚ confirm Hess’s Law and observe enthalpy changes within reactions. By measuring the change in temperature that occurs with the interaction of two different reactants‚ we were able to determine both the calorimeter constant and the change in enthalpy of a given reaction. The results were rather mixed‚ as some numbers more closely resembled the
Premium PH Enthalpy Hydrochloric acid
reaction to perform synthesis of 2-phenylethanol to get (2-bromoethyl)benzene. Using NaBr in an acidic solvent of H2SO4 with H2O present‚ this synthesis was possible. Subsequent evaluations using TLC and then analyzed samples by Gas Chromatography were done to evaluate the results. Using SN2 reactions‚ primary alcohol is going to be converted to alkyl halide. Since the reaction can be reversed‚ the strong sulfuric acid was to make sure the product would indeed be an alkyl halide. This is necessary
Premium Chemistry Alcohol Ethanol
(Robinson‚ 2011‚ p. 23). The origin of dreams encompasses three areas‚ the psychological‚ the scientific and the theoretical depending on to whom you talk. But for this paper‚ a review of Freud’s concepts of dreams‚ an analysis of the Activation Synthesis Theory of dreams‚ and an inquiry into the Activation-Information-Mode (AIM) Model of dreams will define dream theories. Dreaming is an important aspect of a person’s psychological well-being‚ and Sigmund Freud began the real inquiry into the process
Premium Dream Unconscious mind Sigmund Freud
Protein Synthesis Notes If DNA’s shape is altered it can’t function properly. RNA is more flexible so changing the shape changes the function‚ which is wanted. Any shape of RNA can become another. Three shapes/functions of RNA: -mRNA: messenger (linear_____) -rRNA: ribosomal (large and like a globe) More stable than mRNA. -tRNA: transfer (shaped like t) If you flatten this it becomes mRNA. Hydrogen Bonds ………………………………. Protein Synthesis Overview- Two Processes: Transcription- synthesis of mRNA
Premium DNA
9/13/12 Mrs. Braha Period 1 Personal Essay Pushing yourself and always striving for achievement is not an easy thing to accomplish. Never taking the simple route in life and always working hard to become the strongest person possible takes a lot of hard work and devotion. In my life‚ hard work and perseverance have been the only paths to success. This is why people that know me well would describe me as a dedicated human being. I work diligently in school to maintain high
Premium Time High school Goal
Presidential elections have been going on in our county for hundreds of years. Most of them took place before television even existed. Television was invented witch color in the early 1960’s and that is when the first televised presidential debate took place (document D). Presidential debates‚ from the start have always been a pretty big hit on the television but ever since 1988‚ the debates ratings have been below 40. I think that this is because more interesting television programs have come
Premium John F. Kennedy Election Television