CHAPTER 1 THEORITICAL AND CONCEPTUAL FRAME WORK 1.1 INTRODUCTION Absenteeism has been variously defined by different authorities. “According to Webster’s dictionary‚ Absenteeism is the practice or habit of being an ‘Absentee’ and an ‘absentee’ is one who habitually stays away.” According to the labour Bureau‚ Simla‚ absenteeism is the total man shifts lost because of absence as a percentage of the total number of man shifts scheduled to work. In other words‚ it signifies the absence
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Four Different Types of Management Style For many managers‚ culture is a kind of ornament. The truth is that culture permeates into everywhere of corporation management and influence the whole business area. Different cultures make corporations have different corporation cultures and management style. And these lead companies have several types in the interpersonal relations and organization styles. According to my analysis‚ I hold the opinion that the enterprise styles can be mainly divided
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Chapter 2 Opportunity cost of capital – rate of return expected to be received from alternate investments forgone. NPV – Present value of cash flows less the cost of acquiring the asset acquire assets with positive NPV‚ positive NPV = good project Rate of Return = profit/cost or investment (good investments have higher rate of return than opportunity cost) Higher discount rate ( lower discount factor (lower NPV Investment Decision Rules: 1. accept if positive NPV 2. accept
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Answers to Text Discussion Questions 7-1. Cash and marketable securities are generally used to meet the transaction needs of the firm and for contingency purposes. Because the funds must be available when needed‚ the primary concern should be with safety and liquidity rather than the maximum profits. 7-2. Liquidity is the quality of converting an asset to cash quickly and at fair market value. 7-3. The treasury manager is most concerned with daily cash flows of a corporation as it is the
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ratio of the estimated accounting profit of a project to its average investment. It is an investment appraisal technique. ARR ignores the time value of money. * Accounting rate of return‚ also known as the Average rate of return. or ARR is a financial ratio used in capital budgeting. The ratio does not take into account the concept of time value of money. ARR calculates the return‚ generated from net income of the proposed capital investment. The ARR is a percentage return. Say‚ if ARR = 7%‚
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Running head: FOUR FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT 2in business Four Functions of Management 216 in business MGT/330 August 24‚ 2010 Instructors name Four Functions of Management Every organization‚ regardless of size‚ has developed and implemented its own management concepts in order for it to run smoothly and accomplish the vision‚ goal‚ and objective‚ the company has set forth. The basic functions of management can be broken down into four different areas‚ allowing the organization to handle
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200 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SYSTEMS SCIENCE AND CY13ERNETICS‚ VOL. A Tutorial Introduction SSC-4‚ NO. 3‚ SEPTEMLIER 1968 to Decision Theory D. WARNER NORTH Abstract-Decision theory provides a rational framework for choosing between alternative courses of action when the consequences resulting from this choice are imperfectly known. Two streams of thought serve as the foundations: utility theory and the inductive use of probability theory. The intent of this paper is
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What are the four most important financial statements? Briefly describe each Much success in today’s business world is tied in with numbers in the form of accounting and financial statements. Being able to understand and properly read these statements is a critical component in truly knowing a business and properly assessing its overall financial performance. Financial reporting is the issuance of written documents in the form of the financial statements by the companies to the shareholders
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Chapter 5 Currency Derivatives Lecture Outline Forward Market How MNCs Can Use Forward Contracts Non-Deliverable Forward Contracts Currency Futures Market Contract Specifications Trading Futures Comparison of Currency Futures and Forward Contracts Pricing Currency Futures Credit Risk of Currency Futures Contracts Speculation with Currency Futures How Firms Use Currency Futures Closing Out a Futures Position Transaction Costs of Currency Futures Currency Call Options Factors Affecting Call
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Running Head: FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT Functions of Management July 13‚ 2009 Abstract Planning‚ organizing‚ leading‚ and controlling are interdependent core elements of successful management. Adequate attention needs to be spent on all four management functions to form a strong foundation for success. Functions of Management Four fundamental principles of management are planning‚ organizing‚ leading‚ and controlling. Established corporations as well as start-up businesses are dependent
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