Solution to Tutorial 4 Given: F = 1000 kg-mole/hr‚ xF = 0.20 (ethanol is MVC) Feed is saturated liquid‚ thus q = 1.0 xD = 0.80‚ xB = 0.02 (maximum); R = 5/3 First‚ plot the equilibrium curve using the VLE data given. Note that you need to convert mole% ethanol into mole fraction. Then‚ apply the McCabe-Thiele method to find the number of theoretical (equilibrium) trays required for the separation. Step 1: Since R and xD are known (5/3‚ and 0.80 respectively)‚ plot the ROL equation - it
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1 ABSTRACT Distillation is a process by which one liquid can be separated from another liquid‚ or a liquid from a nonvolatile solid. In this experiment‚ the distillations of cyclohexane and toluene mixture were carried out. The purpose of this experiment is to compare the efficiency of simple distillation versus fractional distillation for separation of a mixture of toluene and cyclohexane. The mixture was first separated using simple distillation. A simple distillation apparatus was set
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Abstract In the following project we are discussing about distillation. The operation of the distillation is employed for the purification of liquids from non-volatile impurities. The liquid is heated to the vapor phase and then is collected and recondensed to give back the pure liquid .The non-volatile impurities are left behind in the flask. Here our main focus will be at the fractional distillation. It is the process in which we separate the different components of a mixture on the basis of the
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1 Section 2 – 12:30 to 2:20 Distillation and Fractional Distillation Distillation and Fraction Distillations Purpose: The purpose of distillation is to purify a liquid. Distillations are use to purify contaminates out of water to obtain clean pure water‚ as well as‚ to separate mixtures of liquids into their individual components; e.g. methanol and water. Objective: Distill methanol from water using a simple distillation apparatus and fractional distillation apparatus to determine which
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Chem 2203 Sec 026 27/September/2013 Experiment 3B: Fractional Semi-microscale Distillation Separation of Hexane and Toluene. Objective: The main goal of this lab is to learn how separation of binary liquid mixtures is performed. Especially when the two liquids have boiling points varying by about 30° C. Hexane can be separated from toluene in this experiment because of the difference in their boiling points. Since toluene has a higher boiling point‚ it will left at the bottom while the hexane
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Distillation is a process in which compounds that are in the same solution become separated by their boiling points. For this to occur‚ a heterogeneous mixture has to be placed into a distiller‚ in this experiment a solution of 1:1 water and methanol was distilled. When distilling substances there are various methods of distillation that can be used. In this lab‚ simple and fractional distillation was used. The simple distiller is composed of a 100ml round bottom flask that is attached to: a
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DISTILLATION HISTORY • Distilling was used as early as 3500 BC in Mesopotamia where perfume makers had developed it as a technique for isolating the scented oils of flowers and plants‚ what we know as “attar”. • Around 1100 AD wine was first distilled to make spirit by Irish monks who travelled around Europe. • The results of distillation were considered to have magical powers and this led to alcohol being called “water of life” or “usige beatha” in Gaelic‚ “eau de vie” in French
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Principles of Distillation What is distillation? Simply‚ distillation is the process in which a liquid is vaporized (turned to steam)‚ recondensed (turned back into a liquid) and collected in a container. Nature uses a form of distillation to turn salt water (seawater) into fresh water (rain). Why do you use distillation to recycle waste solvents? Solvent-based waste contains volatile material (solvents) and non-volatile material (contaminants like paint‚ ink‚ grease‚ fiberglass‚ etc.). Many of the
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Steam Distillation 6.6.12 Aim: To isolate and extract citrol from lemongrass oil using steam distillation. Theory: Impure chemicals are usually purified using distillation‚ allowing the changes in boiling points to separate the substances. Chemicals with high boiling points decompose before reaching the temperature necessary for separation‚ leading to the invention of steam distillation. The contamination is separated at lower temperatures and allows the separation of chemicals from their
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EXPERIMENT 7 - Distillation – Separation of a Mixture Purpose: a) To purify a compound by separating it from a non-volatile or less-volatile material. b) To separate a mixture of two miscible liquids (liquids that mix in all proportions) with different boiling points. Equipment / Materials: large test tubes(3) clamp (1 or 2) ringstand boiling chips test tube rack (1) heating mantle glass adaptor thermometer adaptor 10-mL graduated cylinder condenser (1 or 2) grease 50- mL round bottom flask 50-
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