"essential" in the sense that it carries a distinctive scent‚ or essence‚ of the plant. Essential oils do not form a distinctive category for any medical‚ pharmacological‚ or culinary purpose. Essential oils are generally extracted by distillation. Steam distillation is often used. Other processes include expression or solvent extraction. They are used in perfumes‚ cosmetics‚ soaps and other products‚ for flavouring food and drink‚ and for adding scents to incense and household cleaning products.
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has the ability to resist changes in pH upon the addition of small amounts of either acid or base. Consider an equal molar mixture of CH3COOH and CH3COONa CH3COOH (aq) H+ (aq) + CH3COO- (aq) Adding more acid creates a shift left IF enough acetate ions are present 16.3 Which of the following are buffer systems? (a) KF/HF (b) KCl/HCl‚ c) Na2CO3/NaHCO3 (a) KF is a weak acid and F- is its conjugate base buffer solution (b) HCl is a strong acid not a buffer solution (c) CO32-
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Organic Chemistry I Spring 2013 Practice test 1. Name the following compounds: a. 5-tert-butyl-7-isopropyl-6-sec-butyl-undecane b. cis-2-(5‚6-dimethylheptyl)-6-(3-methylpentyl)piperidine c. trans -2-nonyl-3-octyl-tetrahydrofuran d. trans-1‚6-dimethylbicyclo[4.3.0]nonane e. cis-6‚8-ditert-butylspiro[3.5]nonane f. 1‚6-dimethylcyclohexene g. (Z)-3-bromo-4-fluoro-5-methyl-oct-4-ene h. (E)-8-(1-chloroethyl)nonadec-8-ene 2. Draw the structures of the following compounds: a b e c
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and evaluation of their biological activity Synthesis of 6-indolyl-4-aryl-3-cyanopyridine-2-one (1a-e) Employing the MCRs approach and microwave irradiation‚ an equimolar amounts of aromatic aldehyde‚ 3-acetylindole‚ ethyl cyanoacetate were reacted with excess of ammonium acetate in one-pot‚ reaction‚ under the microwave irradiation‚ afforded a novel series of 4-aryl-6-indolyl-nicotinonitrile-2-one derivatives 1a-e. Ethylene glycol was used as a solvent and piperidine was employed as a catalyst
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which is about soap making but after all the long thinking and brainstorming‚ we decided to come up with a perfume as a product with the use of rose petals. Perfumes and scented products are composed of toxic chemicals like acetone‚ toluene‚ ethyl acetate‚ formaldehyde and ethanol that are found on any list of toxic and hazardous chemicals. All these and other chemicals used in the manufacture of personal care products have been shown in animal studies to cause serious health problems and even death
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Reagent/Product Structure Hazards First Aid acetone Causes skin and eye irritations‚ hazardous when ingested or inhaled. The substance is toxic to central nervous system (CNS). The substance may be toxic to kidneys‚ the reproductive system‚ liver‚ skin. Repeated or prolonged exposure to the substance can produce target organs damage. . aniline Hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant‚ permeator)‚ of eye contact (irritant)‚ of ingestion‚ of inhalation. Severe overexposure can result
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J. Phys. Chem. B 2007‚ 111‚ 9001-9009 9001 Improving Carbon Dioxide Solubility in Ionic Liquids Mark J. Muldoon‚† Sudhir N. V. K. Aki‚‡ Jessica L. Anderson‚ JaNeille K. Dixon‚ and Joan F. Brennecke* Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering‚ UniVersity of Notre Dame‚ Notre Dame‚ Indiana 46556 ReceiVed: March 8‚ 2007; In Final Form: May 4‚ 2007 Previously we showed that CO2 could be used to extract organic molecules from ionic liquids without contamination of the ionic liquid
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Describe an alternative method for evaporation of the CH2Cl2 Can be steamed and then rinsed with ethyl acetate for several hours‚ and then rinsed with water‚ or can be soaked in a bath of CO2 and run through water‚ making carboxylic acid. (2) Caffeine: (4) Repeated exposure can produce general deterioration of health by an accumulation in one or many human organs. First Aid Measures: Eye contact - Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Cold water may be used. WARM
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compound Observation After heating Test with Blue litmus Paper Acetic anyhydride No change Bubbles red Ethyl acetate Small bubbles‚ immiscible -- Red Benzamide No change Bubbles Blue Acetyl chloride Heat evolved‚ cloudy -- Red *no change heated (red)- acidic (blue)-basic The hydrolysis of Acyl compound was performed with acetyl chloride‚ acetic anhydride‚ ethyl benzoate‚ and benzamide as samples. 6 drops or a spatula tip of sample was placed in a test
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Journal‚ 3‚ 43–46. Dung‚ N.X.‚ Bao‚ P.Q.‚ & Leclercq‚ P.A. (1994). Chemical composition of the leaf oil of Melaleuca parviflora Link from Vietnam. Journal of Essential Oil Research‚ 6‚ 419–420. Johns‚ M.R.‚ Johns‚ J.E.‚ & Rudolph‚ V. (1992). Steam distillation of tea tree (Melaleuca alternifolia) oil. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture‚ 58‚ 49–53. Farag‚ R.S.‚ Shalaby‚ A.S.‚ El-Baroty‚ G.A.‚ Ibrahim‚ N.A.‚ Ali‚ M.A.‚ & Hassan‚ E.M. (2004). Chemical and biological evaluation of the essential
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